基于聚类分析的病程2周内变应性鼻炎患儿中医证候分布规律

Study on distribution law of TCM syndromes of allergic rhinitis in children with two weeks of disease duration based on cluster analysis

目的通过聚类分析探讨病程2周内变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)患儿证候的分布规律。方法选择2021年7月—2022年7月在首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院门诊就诊的270例AR患儿临床资料,采用回顾性分析,采集中医症状、体征、舌象和脉象的四诊信息,建立数据库,用聚类分析探讨AR的中医证候分布规律。结果270例AR患儿最常出现的临床症状及体征依次为鼻塞、清涕、鼻痒、喷嚏、便干、咳嗽、手心热、口臭、纳欠佳、面黄、纳多、咽红、便臭秽、眠欠安、急躁。根据聚类分析统计,聚Ⅱ类可以归纳为2个证型:肺胃蕴热证、肺脾两虚证;聚Ⅴ类可以归纳为5个证型:肺胃蕴热证、肺脾两虚证、风热犯肺证、风痰恋肺证、肺气虚寒证。结论病程2周内AR患儿证型主要为肺胃蕴热证、肺脾两虚证,并且肺胃蕴热所占比重大。

Objective To explore the distribution law of syndrome of allergic rhinitis(AR)in children with two weeks of disease duration by cluster analysis.Methods Retrospective analysis was used on the initial medical records of 270 children with allergic rhinitis who visited the outpatient department of Beijing Children's Hospital affiliated to the Capital Medical University from July 2021 to July 2022.The four diagnostic information of symptoms,signs,tongue and pulse manifestations of traditional Chinese medicine was collected,and a database was established.Based on cluster analysis,the distribution law of TCM syndromes of AR was discussed.Results The most common clinical symptoms and signs in 270 children with allergic rhinitis were nasal congestion,nasal discharge,nasal itching,sneezing,dry stool,cough,hot sensation in the center of hand,foul odor in the mouth,poor appetite,susceptibility,yellow face,preference for meat paste,eating too much,red tongue,and foul stool.According to the statistics of cluster analysis,it can be classified into two syndrome types,that is syndrome of accumulation of heat in the lung and stomach,deficiency syndrome of lung and spleen.Conclusion Syndrome of heat accumulation in the lung and stomach and deficiency syndrome of both lung and spleen are mainly two types of allergic rhinitis(AR)in children with two weeks of disease duration,and the proportion of syndrome of heat accumulation in the lung and stomach is more significant.