轴向低频振动骨钻孔温度实验与仿真研究

Experiment and Simulation of Bone Drilling on Temperature by Axial Low-Frequency Vibration-Assisted Drilling Method

骨钻孔是外科手术中常用的重要操作之一。钻孔过程中产生的热量会导致骨细胞热损伤,降低骨组织强度,引起固定螺钉\假体松动和手术失败。通过实验与有限元仿真相结合的方法,研究了轴向低频振动钻削方式对骨钻孔过程中温升的影响,并对实验结果进行了统计分析。结果表明:轴向低频振动钻削方式可以有效降低骨钻孔过程中的温升;钻削过程中的最高温度随转速的增大呈线性上升的趋势;随进给速度的增大呈先上升后降低的趋势;在低转速和低进给速度的情况下可以得到较低的钻削温度。通过统计分析可以看出,使用低频振动钻削方式,并控制转速和进给速度,是控制钻骨温升的有效策略。可以认为轴向低频振动钻削方式在骨钻削过程中不仅可以降低温升还能同时增强散热,是获得低于普通钻削方式温度的主要原因。

Bone drilling is frequently used in surgery nowadays.The cutting heat generated in the drilling process could lead to the necrosis of bone cells and reduce the strength of bone,which will cause the loose of the screw and the failure of fixation.By using the bone drilling experiments and the developed finite element analysis(FEA),the effect of axial low-frequency vibration-assisted drilling(LFVAD)method on the temperature rising were investigated in this paper.The results were also analyzed by statistical approach.The results showed that the LFVAD can effectively reduce the temperature rising during the bone drilling process.The temperature rising increased approximately linearly with the increment of spindle speed and grew up with the increasing feed rate first until it exceeded 40mm/min.According to the result of statistical analysis,setting lower spindle speed,using LFVAD method,and setting lower feed rate were effective to reduce temperature rising in sequence.It was found that the main reason for the reduced temperature rising is that the LFVAD method could not only decrease the heat generation but also enhance the capability of heat dissipation during the bone drilling process.