沥青预处理对多孔炭结构和电化学性能影响研究进展

Effects of pitch pretreatment on the structure and electrochemical properties of porous carbon:A review

沥青由于其高碳、低灰的特性,是制备炭材料的优质原料,将其用于制备超级电容器电极材料,不仅拓宽了沥青的应用途径,也对整个煤化工过程经济效益的提升有显著作用。首先介绍了炭材料的比表面积、孔结构以及表面特性等对超级电容器性能的影响规律,然后综述了多孔炭制备方法(活化法、模板法)和沥青预处理方法(组分分离、预氧化、催化聚合、高温聚合等)对所制备炭材料结构和电化学性能的影响,并对沥青基多孔炭的发展方向做了进一步展望。

Pitch is a high-quality carbon material precursor due to the characteristics of high carbon and low ash.It is used in the preparation of supercapacitor electrode materials,which not only has a significant effect on widening the application pathway of pitch,but also on the economic efficiency of the coal chemical process.The influence of specific surface area,pore structure and surface properties of carbon materials on the performance of supercapacitors was firstly introduced,and the influence of porous carbon preparation methods(activation method,template method)and pitch pretreatment methods(component separation,pre-oxidation,catalytic polymerization,high temperature polymerization,et al.)on the structure and electrochemical properties of the prepared carbon materials were reviewed.Finally,some further insights into the development of pitch-based porous carbon are proposed.