腐植酸基材料用于钝化土壤重金属研究进展及展望

Research progress and prospect of humic acid-based amendments for metal-contaminated soil remediation

基于文献计量,首先识别出了腐植酸基材料钝化修复领域的研究重点为修复效果和机理;依托识别出的两个研究重点,将土壤中的重金属分为以阳离子形式存在的重金属(如Cd、Pb、Hg等)以及以氧阴离子形式存在的重金属(如As和Cr),系统综述了腐植酸和腐植酸基材料对土壤重金属的钝化效果和机理。腐植酸及腐植酸基钝化材料对土壤重金属钝化效能高,其钝化机理主要包括表面络合、离子交换、静电作用、氧化还原和引入改性材料与重金属的共沉淀等。进一步从实际应用方面提出腐植酸基材料在钝化修复技术中存在的不足,对未来的研究方向进行展望,为重金属污染土壤原位钝化修复研究提供科学参考。

Based on the bibliometrics analysis,this paper firstly identifies that the research focus of humic acid-based material immobilization field is on immobilization remediation effect and remediation mechanism.Based on the two research focuses identified,the heavy metals in soil were classified into those in the form of cations(e.g.Cd,Pb,Hg,etc.)and those in the form of oxygen anions(e.g.As and Cr),and the immobilization effects and immobilization mechanisms of humic acid and humic acid-based materials on soil heavy metals were systematically reviewed.Humic acid and humic acid-based materials have highly effective to immobilize soil heavy metals,and their immobilization mechanisms mainly include complexation,ion exchange,electrostatic interaction,redox and co-precipitation with introduced modified materials.This review further points out the shortcomings of humic acid-based materials in immobilization remediation technology in terms of practical applications and provides an outlook on future research directions,in order to provide scientific references for in situ immobilization remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils.