城市治理模式与城市创新效率关系研究——基于智慧城市试点的准自然实验分析

Research on the Relationship between Urban Governance Models and Urban Innovation Efficiency——Analysis of quasi natural experiments based on smart city pilot projects

城市是创新的重要载体。本文以278个城市数据为样本,结合国家智慧城市试点,运用多期双重差分模型研究推行智慧城市治理模式对城市创新效率的影响。研究发现:整体上,推行智慧城市治理模式对提升城市创新效率有显著影响。异质性分析表明:高等教育水平较高的城市相比高等教育水平一般的城市推行智慧城市治理模式的创新效应更加显著;在西部地区和东北地区城市,推行智慧城市治理模式具有显著创新效应,但在东部和中部城市提升创新效率的边际效应相对较小。机制分析表明:智慧城市治理模式提升城市创新效应主要是通过应用信息技术产生的技术环境效应、带动产业转型升级产生的产业结构效应,以及城市宜居宜业水平提高和就业机会增加产生的人力资本效应。这对进一步拓展城镇化与创新关系研究、完善城市创新效率提升路径具有重要启示。

Cities are important carriers of innovation.Taking the data of 278 cities as a sample,combined with the national smart city pilot,this paper uses the multi-period double difference model to study the impact of implementing the smart city governance model on the efficiency of urban innovation.Research has found that,overall,promoting smart city governance models has a significant impact on improv-ing urban innovation efficiency.Heterogeneity analysis shows that cities with higher levels of higher education have more significant innova-tive effects in implementing smart city governance models compared to cities with average levels of higher education;In western and north-east China’s cities,the implementation of smart city governance model has significant innovation effect,but the marginal utility of improving innovation efficiency in eastern and central cities is relatively small.Mechanism analysis shows that the smart city governance model enhances the urban innovation effect mainly through the technological environment effect generated by the application of information technology,the industrial structure effect generated by driving industrial transformation and upgrading,as well as the human capital effect generated by the improvement of livability and business level in cities and the increase of employment opportunities.It has important implications for further expanding research on the relationship between urbanization and innovation,and improving the path of improving urban innovation efficien-cy.