灵活就业中的“学习效应”——以外卖骑手为例

Learning Effects in Flexible Employment——A Case Study of Takeaway Riders

新业态下的灵活就业已经成为中国劳动力就业的重要力量,尤其在疫情期间,为稳定就业起到了重要作用。然而,目前社会各界对灵活就业和灵活就业中的学习效应,以及对灵活就业者自身和对城市的作用都还不甚了解。为此,以外卖骑手为例,利用覆盖全国范围的大样本数据可对灵活就业中的学习效应进行研究。研究发现,灵活就业时间里的“学习”显著提高了劳动者的个人收入和工作满意度,并有利于劳动者的人力资本积累和未来的职业发展。研究结果提醒我们,需要重视灵活就业中的学习效应,看到灵活就业对于外来移民扎根城市、融入城市的积极作用。

Flexible employment in the digital platform economy has become an important workforce in China,especially during the COVID-19 period,playing an important role in stabilizing employment.However,until recently the role of flexible employment and the learning effects in flexible employment on both flexible workers and cities is not fully understood.Just because of this,our article studies the learning effects in flexible employment using takeaway riders as an example and a large sample of data covering the country.The results show that"learning"during flexible employment significantly improves workers'personal income and job satisfaction,and is beneficial to workers'human capital accumulation and future career development.This study reminds us that we need to pay attention to the learning effects in flexible employment and the positive role of flexible employment for migrants to take root in the city and integrate into the city.