从白门到紫陌:“地”在文化史中的隐显与浮沉

From Baimen to Zimo:The Appearance and Disappearance of Places in Cultural History

从南朝到唐代,建康/金陵和“江南”在话语层次上经历了一个漫长的建构过程。南朝诗歌通过对“金陵帝王州”的想象和对“江南佳丽地”的再现,逐渐把建康从偏安王朝的行政总部改变为帝国名都,经过唐代诗人的继承和发展,从而把建康写入文化版图,而“江南”的文化意义也逐渐和它的地理意义出现张力,甚至颠覆了它的地理意义。最后,通过对“紫陌”作出的词语考古,展示一个在南北朝时期曾真实存在的地点如何从文化版图上消失,从反面说明一个地方的文化历史和地理历史、社会历史的不同,以及它对文本特别是某些文本和某些体裁的依赖。

This article discusses the discursive construction of Jiankang/Jinling and the Southland(Jiangnan)during the Southern Dynasties(420-589)and Tang(618-907).The representation of a potent,charismatic southern empire in the Southern Dynasties poetry gradually transformed the city of Jiankang from the political headquarters of a refugee dynasty into a famed metropolis of a great empire,which,through Tang poets'further efforts,was inscribed in the cultural map of China.Finally,by performing a linguistic excavation of the term Zimo,this article traces the disappearance of a real place from the cultural map,and demonstrates how the cultural history of a place is essentially different from its geographical and social history,and how certain texts in a certain genre play an important role in the cultural configuration of a place.