社会组织参与养老服务的制度环境激励因素及其作用机理

Institutional Environment Incentives and Mechanisms of Action for Social Organizations'Participation in Elderly Services

社会组织参与养老服务是推动养老服务多元化发展的必由之路。运用制度分析法、问卷调查法和网络层次分析法(ANP)从制度环境层面分析社会组织参与养老服务的具体激励因素及其作用机理。宏观制度环境、微观制度环境和制度执行环境三个维度构成了制度环境激励的解释框架。最大激励维度是制度执行环境,微观制度环境次之,宏观制度环境最次。制度执行环境主要通过减少纵向层级传导和横向部门协作执行所造就的制度张力,增强政策落实效果和组织发展预期。从制度环境层面激励社会组织参与养老服务,要着力优化制度执行环境,提升层级执行和部门协作效果;切实转变国家层面对社会组织参与养老服务的认知、判断和态度,提升国家重视度和国家支持度;完善社会组织参与养老服务的人才、登记和管理制度。

The participation of social organizations in providing elderly care services is crucial in promoting the delivery of such services by multiple providers.This paper employs institutional analysis,questionnaire survey,and Analytic Hierarchy Process(ANP)to examine the specific incentives and mechanisms for social organizations'participation in elderly care services at the institutional environment level.The explanatory framework for institutional environment incentives comprises three dimensions:the macro-institutional environment,micro-institutional environment,and institutional implementation environment.The institutional implementation environment generates the greatest incentive,followed by the micro-institutional environment and the macro-institutional environment.The institutional implementation environment mainly enhances policy implementation effectiveness and organization development expectations by reducing institutional tension created by vertical hierarchical transmission and horizontal departmental collaboration.To encourage social organizations'participation in elderly care services at the institutional environment level,it is necessary to improve the institutional implementation environment to enhance the effectiveness of implementation and collaboration,change national-level perceptions,judgments,and attitudes towards social organizations'participation in elderly services,and improve the management system for social organizations'talent and registration.