水稻Wx基因及其稻米品质改良应用研究进展

Research Progress on the Allelic Variation and Application in Rice Quality Improvement of Wx Gene

Wx基因是水稻中的重要功能基因,主要负责控制稻米籽粒直链淀粉的合成,调控直链淀粉含量。稻米籽粒直链淀粉含量为0%~30%,是决定稻米烹饪质量和食味品质的主要因素。为应对水稻生产发展对优质稻品种的迫切需求,近年在稻米品质性状相关基因挖掘方面开展了大量研究,不断有关于Wx等位基因的报道。本研究针对目前已发现并鉴定的Wx基因的主要等位变异进行总结,概述了不同Wx基因变异类型的表达效应、Wx基因在野生稻和栽培稻中的演化及Wx基因在育种中的应用,以期为稻米品质研究和改良提供参考。

Wx gene is an important functional gene in rice,which is mainly responsible for controlling amylose synthesis and regulating amylose content.The amylose content of rice grains ranged from 0%to 30%,which was the main factor determining the cooking quality and eating quality of rice.In the face of the urgent needs of rice production in high-quality rice varieties,a large number of researches concentrated on genes discovery related to rice quality traits in recent years.There are a lot of reports about the Wx allelic genes.In this study,we summa-rized the main alleles of Wx gene that have been discovered and identified so far.The expression effects of differ-ent Wx gene variants,and the evolution of Wx genes in wild rice and cultivated rice,and the application of Wx genes in breeding were briefly summarized.The review provides reference for in-depth study and rice breeding on rice quality improvement.