法治视野下的突发公共卫生事件社区联防联控机制研究

Researches on the Community Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of Public Health Emergencies from the Perspective of Rule of Law

社区联防联控机制作为我国基层社区应对突发公共卫生事件的重要治理模式,在突发公共卫生事件应急管理中发挥了重要的作用。但是,我国现行立法中关于社区联防联控机制的相关规定却付之阙如,社区联防联控机制尚处于实践先行、理论与制度滞后的阶段,导致该机制停留于话语层次缺乏制度化的建构,基层社区在突发公共卫生事件应急管理中出现诸多问题。虽然党和政府具有强大的纠偏能力,但从长远看,在全面推进依法治国的背景下,建立和完善突发公共卫生事件社区联防联控机制,走向法治化道路是必然选择。探索突发公共卫生事件社区联防联控机制法治化路径需要以立法形式确立该机制的法律地位、功能与体系架构、明确各参与主体在突发公共卫生事件社区联防联控中的职责权限,同时建立与完善相关法律保障机制,以更好回应基层社区在突发公共卫生事件中法治化参与的需求。

The community joint prevention and control mechanism for public health emergencies is an important way for grassroots communities to respond to public health emergencies,while some problems and shortcomings have also been exposed.Al⁃though the Party and the government have a strong ability to correct deviations,in the long run,in the context of comprehensively promoting the rule of law,it is an inevitable choice to establish and improve a community-based joint prevention and control mechanism for public health emergencies,and move towards the rule of law.Exploring the legalization path of community joint pre⁃vention and control mechanism for public health emergencies requires establishing the legal status and functions of the mechanism in the form of legislation,clarifying the responsibilities and authorities of each participant in the community joint prevention and control of public health emergencies,and establishing and improving it at the same time,which can better respond to the needs of grassroots communities for legalized participation in public health emergencies.