基于视觉加强注意力模型的植物病虫害检测

Plant disease and pest detection based on visiual attention enhancement

【目的】植物病虫害准确检测是病虫害精准化防治的关键,笔者构建准确高效的植物病虫害监测模型,为病虫害的早期诊断与预警提供重要依据。【方法】针对现有植物病虫害检测模型泛化能力弱、小目标漏检率高等问题,提出一种基于视觉加强注意力改进的植物病虫害检测模型——YOLOv 5-VE(vision enhancement)。为方便检测实验样本中的小目标采用Mosaic 9数据增强方法;设计出基于视觉注意力的特征加强模块CBAM(convolutional block attention module);为确定不同目标重叠在一起和被遮挡的定位损失引入边界框定位损失函数DIoU。【结果】YOLOv 5-VE模型在实验数据集上的识别精度和检测平均准确率达到65.87%和73.49%,比原模型提高了1.07%和8.25%,在型号为1 080 Ti的GPU上检测速度可达35帧/s。【结论】该方法可以在背景复杂的野外场景快速有效地检测和识别种类多样的病害和虫害,可以提高检测的鲁棒性能,提升模型对病虫害目标的特征提取能力,降低野外复杂场景对检测带来的干扰,表现出良好的应用潜力,可广泛运用于大规模的植物病虫害检测。

【Objective】Accurate detection is the key to precise control of plant diseases and pests.Building an accurate and efficient monitoring model of plant diseases and pests provides an important basis for the early diagnosis and warning of plant diseases and pests.【Method】In view of the weak generalization ability of the existing plant diseases and pests detection models and the high rate of missed detection of small targets,a plant disease and pest detection model based on visual attention enhancement improvement YOLOv 5⁃VE(vision enhancement)was proposed.The Mosaic 9 data enhancement method was used to facilitate the detection of small targets in experimental samples;a feature enhancement module based on a visual attention convolutional block attention module(CBAM)was designed;to determine the location loss of overlapping and occluded targets,the DIoU bounding box location loss function was introduced.【Result】The recognition and average detection accuracies of the YOLOv 5⁃VE model on the experimental dataset reached 65.87%and 73.49%,respectively,which were 1.07%and 8.25%higher,respectively,than those of the original model.The detection speed on the GPU with the model 1080 Ti reached 35 fps.【Conclusion】This method can quickly and effectively detect and identify a variety of diseases and pests in field scenes with complex backgrounds,improve robustness of detection,improve the feature extraction ability of the model for pests and diseases,reduce the interference of complex field scenes in detection,and shows good application potential.It can be widely used for the large⁃scale detection of plant diseases and pests.