滇中温带地区红火蚁防治方法及效果评价

Control methods and effects evaluation of red imported fire ant in the temperate zone of central Yunnan

为筛选滇中温带高海拔地区红火蚁(Solenopsis invicta Buren)的最佳防治方法,本研究选用不同剂型的3种药剂,分别使用“惊扰撒施”法、药液“辅助喷淋灌巢”法与普通撒施法和喷淋灌巢法进行比较,探索不同方法对红火蚁工蚁减退率的影响和对蚁巢的灭除效果。结果表明:饵剂、粉剂使用“惊扰撒施”法和药液“辅助喷淋灌巢”法,对工蚁减退率和蚁巢的灭除效果均高于普通撒施法和喷淋灌巢法;药后3 d、10 d,饵剂“惊扰撒施”法和药液“辅助喷淋灌巢”法灭除效果最好,工蚁减退率和蚁巢防效均为100%;粉剂普通撒施法灭除效果最差,工蚁减退率和蚁巢防效分别为65.67%、59.62%和25.00%、25.00%。药液“辅助喷淋灌巢”法和饵剂“惊扰撒施”法对红火蚁的灭除效果较为彻底,值得推广应用,粉剂普通撒施法效果较差,不建议使用,其他方法可作备选方法轮换使用。

In order to screen the best method to control the red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta Buren,in the central Yunnan temperate zone of high altitude,three different forms of pesticide were used to compare the"disturbing and scattering method"and the"assistant spraying and pouring nest method"with the ordinary scattering method and the spraying and pouring nest method to explore the effects of different methods on the reduction rate of worker ants of S.invicta and the eradication effect of ant nests.The results were as follows:using baits and powders,the reduction rate of worker ants and the eradication of ant nests with the"disturbing and scattering method"and the"assistant spraying and pouring nest method"were higher than those by ordinary scattering method and ordinary spraying and pouring nest method.The"disturbing and scattering"with baits and the"assistant spraying and pouring nest"with solution had the best preventive effect at 3 d and 10 d after treatment,and the reduction rate of worker ants was 100%and the control effect on the tested ant nests was also 100%.The ordinary application of powder was the least effective method.The reduction rate of worker ants and control effect on the ant nests were 65.67%,59.62%and 25%,25%,respectively.The"assistant spraying and pouring nest method"with liquid pesticides and the"disturbing and scattering method"with bait is relatively thorough on eradication effect of the red imported fire ant,so it is recommended for use.The effect of ordinary scattering method with powder is poor and is not recommended for use.Other methods can be used as alternate methods.