2012—2021年3 870例儿童意外伤害住院病例年龄及病因构成分析

Analysis of age and causes of 3 870 hospitalized cases of children withaccidental injury from 2012 to 2021

目的分析2012—2021年成都市某妇产儿童医院因意外伤害住院患儿的原因,了解其发生特点和变化情况,为制定降低儿童意外伤害发生率的预防措施提供参考依据。方法采用ICD-10编码中S和T编码,在病案管理系统中导出2012—2021年医院儿科因意外伤害住院的患儿病案首页资料,采用Excel 2011和SPSS 22.0软件对数据进行整理和分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2012—2021年共收治3870例意外伤害患儿,其中≤3岁组的意外伤害患儿构成比呈现逐年增加的趋势,有统计学意义(χ2趋势=8.954,P=0.003)。儿童意外伤害的外部原因主要为异物进入自然腔道(全部儿童:34.2%,≤3岁组儿童:45.8%)和有毒物质意外中毒(全部儿童:31.1%,≤3岁组儿童:22.5%)。其中25例患儿死亡,病死率为0.71%,死亡患儿的意外伤害原因主要为异物进入自然腔道(全部儿童:32.0%,≤3岁组儿童:66.7%)和有毒物质意外中毒(全部儿童:32.0%,≤3岁组儿童:16.7%)。结论在全面开放二胎、三胎的背景之下,重视异物进入自然腔道和有毒物质意外中毒的原因导致的意外伤害,对于提高儿童(尤其是低龄儿童)的卫生健康状况和降低死亡率具有重要的公共卫生意义。

Objective To analyze the external causes of accidental injury in pediatric hospitalized children in a hospital of Chengdu from 2012 to 2021,and to analysis the characteristics and changes,so as to provide corresponding basis for formulating measures to reduce the incidence of accidental injury in children.Methods We used the S and T ICD-10 codes to query the homepage data of the medical records of children hospitalized due to injury and poisoning in the pediatric department of the hospital during the 10-year period from 2012 to 2021.Excel 2011 and SPSS 22.0 were used to organize and analyze the data.The differences P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results A total of 3870 children with accidental injury were treated from 2012 to 2021,and the number of children with accidental injury in the≤3-year-old group showed a trend of increasing year by year,with statistical significance(χ2 trend=8.954,P=0.003).The main external causes of accidental injury were foreign bodies entering the natural orifice(all children:34.2%,under 3 years old:45.8%)and accidental poisoning of toxic substances(all children:31.1%,under 3 years old:22.5%).Among them,25 children died,with a case fatality rate of 0.71%.The main external causes of accidental injury in the dead children were foreign bodies entering the natural orifice(all children:32.0%,under 3 years old:66.7%)and accidental poisoning of toxic substances(all children:32.0%,≤3 years old:16.7%).Conclusions In the context of fully opening the two-child and three-child policy,attention should be paid to the accidental injury caused by foreign bodies entering natural orifices and accidental poisoning by toxic substances,it has important public significance for improving the health status of children(especially young children)and reducing mortality.