肠道微生物在孤独症中的研究进展

Research progress of gut microbiota in autism spectrum disorder

肠道微生物由于物种丰富、功能多样以及群落内部、微生物与宿主的相互作用复杂,很大一部分仍是有待解密的“黑匣子”.在人类疾病发展过程中常常可以观察到异常的肠道微生态结构,包括物种丰度的差异及其相互之间的关联改变,而孤独症谱系障碍患者的肠道菌群结构已被广泛报道,这些工作共同揭示了孤独症患者肠道微生物结构与功能紊乱的现象与行为缺陷及其共患病症状的关联.本文就近年来肠道菌群与孤独症的关联、机制探索以及临床应用的最新进展进行了回顾性总结,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望.

Gut microbiota is a major unknown research area of life science due to the complexity of community structures,diverse functions,and complicated interaction between microbiota and host,a large part of intestinal microbes are still the“black boxes”to be explored.Abnormal intestinal microbiota can often be observed in human diseases,and the connection between them has been widely studied in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Together,these works reveal the relationship between the dysregulation of gut microbial structure and function,behavioral defects and comorbidities in patients with autism.In this review,we summarized the latest progress of related research,mechanism exploration and clinical application of the association between gut microbiota and autism and prospected future research directions.