丝状病毒——被忽视的原核生物病毒“潜伏者”

Inoviruses--the neglected“lurkers”in prokaryotic viruses

丝状病毒是一类具有极高多样性和普遍分布性的病毒类群,它们可以侵染几乎所有的细菌门类,甚至包括一些古菌.经过将近60年对以M13,CTXΦ等为代表的丝状病毒的研究,已经发现它们具有独特的生物学特征(如慢性感染)和重要的应用价值.本文综述了丝状病毒的分离及分布状况、基因组特征及颗粒结构、生命周期、诱导调控机制、对宿主生理功能的影响、应用领域等,并在此基础上对未来的研究方向做出展望.本文认为今后对丝状病毒的深入研究,将对进一步理解原核生物病毒-宿主相互作用关系和潜在的生态功能,以及拓展这一重要病毒群系在环境和健康领域的应用深度和范围,都具有重要的推动作用.

Inoviruses are highly diverse and globally prevalent,and the prokaryotes they infect cover almost all bacteria phyla,even including some archaea.After nearly sixty years of study on the typical Inoviruses represented by M13 and CTXΦ,it has been shown to possess unique biological characteristics(e.g.chronic infection)as well as important application value.In this reviews,we firstly summarized the isolation and environmental distributions of Inoviruses,and then described their genome feature,virion structure,life cycle,induction and regulatory mechanism,the physiological influences on their hosts,and their applications in different fields.Finally,prospects and directions for future investigation are proposed based on current situation of Inovirus research.We believe that further study on Inoviruses will significantly promote the understanding of prokaryotic virus-host interactions and their potential ecological functions,Meanwhile,these efforts will undoubtedly expand the depth and range of the application of Inoviruses in the field of human health and environmental science.