亲油疏水型沙柳纤维状活性炭的制备及性能研究

Preparation and properties of lipophilic hydrophobic salix ACF

以沙柳纤维为原料,通过磷酸氢二铵活化制备沙柳纤维状活性炭(沙柳ACF),按特定比例与聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)混合制备亲油疏水型沙柳纤维状活性炭(ACF_(PDMS))材料,利用单因素实验对制备工艺进行优化,研究了PDMS溶液质量分数、浸渍比、浸渍时间对ACF_(PDMS)接触角、油水分离率的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、界面张力测定仪分别测定了ACF_(PDMS)的表面形貌、官能团、晶体结构及接触角并分析其疏水性能。结果表明:在PDMS溶液质量分数为45%、浸渍比为1∶2.5、浸渍时间为12h条件下ACF_(PDMS)疏水效果最好,接触角可达152.4°;在PDMS溶液质量分数为45%,浸渍比为1∶2,浸渍时间为12h时,ACF_(PDMS)的油水分离率达89.4%,分离效果明显。

Salix psammophila fiber was used as raw material to obtain Salix psammophila fibrous activated carbon(Salix psammophila ACF)by activation with diammonium hydrogen phosphate.The oleophilic and hydrophobic Salix psammophila activated carbon(ACF_(PDMS))was prepared by mixing Salix psammophila ACF with polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)in a specific ratio.The preparation process was optimized by single factor experiment.The effects of PDMS concentration,impregnation ratio and impregnation time on the contact angle and oil-water separation rate of ACF_(PDMS)were studied.The surface morphology,functional groups,crystal structure and contact angle of ACF_(PDMS)were measured by scanning electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,X-ray diffractometer and interfacial tension tester,and their hydrophobic properties were analyzed.The results showed that the hydrophobic effect of ACF_(PDMS)was the best when the mass fraction of PDMS was 45%,impregnation ratio was 1∶2.5 and impregnation time was 12h,and the contact angle reached 152.4°.When the concentration of PDMS solution was 45%,impregnation ratio was 1∶2 and impregnation time was 12h,the oil-water separation rate of ACF_(PDMS)reached 89.4%,and the separation effect was obvious.