不同月龄滩羊肌肉和脂肪组织中脂肪酸含量及组成比较的研究

Comparative study on fatty acid content and composition in muscle and adipose tissue of Tan sheep at different months of age

试验旨在探究月龄对舍饲滩羊肌肉和脂肪组织中脂肪酸组成的影响。试验分别选用体重接近、健康的4月龄、6月龄和9月龄滩羊各12只进行舍饲圈养,于6月龄、9月龄和12月龄屠宰并取其背最长肌、股二头肌、尾部脂肪和皮下脂肪,采用气相色谱仪测定脂肪酸含量。结果显示,12月龄舍饲滩羊背最长肌和股二头肌中棕榈酸(C16∶0)、油酸(C18∶1n9c)的含量极显著高于6、9月龄(P<0.01)。6月龄皮下脂肪的C16∶0和硬脂酸(C18∶0)含量极显著高于9月龄(P<0.01);6月龄舍饲滩羊尾部和皮下脂肪中α-亚麻酸(C18∶3n3)、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)的含量极显著高于9月龄(P<0.01)。6月龄舍饲滩羊背最长肌和股二头肌中亚油酸(C18∶2n6c)的含量显著低于12月龄(P<0.05),而皮下脂肪中C18∶2n6c含量显著高于9月龄(P<0.05)。6月龄舍饲滩羊股二头肌中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)的含量显著高于12月龄(P<0.05),9月龄尾部脂肪中二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的含量显著低于12月龄(P<0.05)。12月龄舍饲滩羊背最长肌中n-6多不饱和脂肪酸(n-6PUFA)的含量极显著高于6、9月龄(P<0.01);6月龄股二头肌中n-6PUFA的含量显著低于12月龄(P<0.05),皮下脂肪中n-6PUFA的含量显著高于9、12月龄(P<0.05)。研究表明,不同月龄舍饲滩羊的肌肉和脂肪组织中脂肪酸含量存在差异,并在一定程度上影响肉的风味和营养价值,9月龄舍饲滩羊肉质风味较好。

The purpose of the experiment was to explore the effect of month age on fatty acid composition in muscle and adipose tissue of Tan sheep fed in barn.In the experiment,12 Tan sheep at the age of 4,6 and 9 months old,which are close to the body weight and healthy,were selected to be fed in captivity,slaughtered at the age of 6,9 and 12 months old,and their longissimus dorsi,biceps femoris,tail fat and subcutaneous fat were taken,and the content of fatty acid was determined by gas chromatography.The results showed that the content of C16∶0 and C18∶1n9c in longissimus dorsi muscle and biceps femoris muscle of Tan sheep at 12 months of age were extremely higher than those at 6 and 9 months old(P<0.01).The content of C16∶0 and C18∶0 in subcutaneous fat at 6 months old were extremely higher than those at 9 months old(P<0.01).The content of C18∶3n3 and n-3PUFA in tail and subcutaneous fat of Tan sheep at 6 months old were extremely higher than those at 9 months old(P<0.01).The content of C18∶2n6c in longissimus dorsi muscle and biceps femoris muscle of Tan sheep at 6 months old was significantly lower than that at 12 months old(P<0.05),but the content of C18∶2n6c in subcutaneous fat was significantly higher than that at 9 months old(P<0.05).The content of EPA in biceps femoris muscle of Tan sheep at 6 months old was significantly higher than that at 12 months old(P<0.05),and the content of DHA in tail fat of 9 months old was significantly lower than that at 12 months old(P<0.05).The content of n-6PUFA in longissimus dorsi muscle of Tan sheep at 12 months old was extremely higher than that at 6 and 9 months old(P<0.01).The content of n-6PUFA in biceps femoris at 6 months old was significantly lower than that at 12 months old(P<0.05),and the content of n-6PUFA in subcutaneous fat was significantly higher than that at 9 and 12 months old(P<0.05).The results show that the fatty acid content in muscle and adipose tissue of Tan sheep at different months old was different,which affected the meat flavor and nutritional value to a certain extent.The meat flavor of Tan sheep at 9 months old was better.