胆管癌放射治疗现状及研究进展

Advances and current status in radiotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma

胆管癌(cholangiocarcinoma, CCA)起源于胆管上皮,恶性程度高且预后不良,根治性切除是彻底治愈的方法,但是大部分患者确诊时已处于晚期,失去了根治性手术的机会。即使在根治性切除术后,无辅助治疗的情况下,CCA患者的一年无病生存率约为48%~65%,五年生存率仅约为20%~40%。放射治疗是一种重要的局部治疗方法,被称为“隐形的手术刀”,在术前新辅助治疗、术中及术后辅助治疗或局部晚期病变姑息治疗中均起着至关重要的作用,而且随着影像学技术的发展、放疗设备和放疗技术的进步,放射治疗在CCA治疗方面有了很大的提高,本文主要介绍不同方式的放射治疗在CCA中的应用。

Originated in bile duct epithelium,cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)has high malignant degree and poor prognosis.Though radical resection is thoroughly cure,the majority of patients diagnosed with the disease is in advanced stage and may lose the chance of radical surgery.However,without adjuvant therapy,the 5-year survival rate is between 20%-40%,the 1-year disease-free survival rate is approximately 48%-65%even after radical resection.Local treatment of radiotherapy,also called“invisible knife”,is an important method whichplays a vital role in the preoperative neoadjuvant therapy,intraoperative and postoperative adjuvant treatment or locally advanced palliative care treatment.In addition,with the development of imaging technology,the progress of radiation therapy equipment and radiation technology,radiation therapy has greatly improved CCA treatment.This article mainly introduces the application of different types of radiotherapy in CCA.