《伤寒杂病论》辨治思想之兵道探微

Exploration of War Tactics in Differentiation and Treatment Proposed in Shang Han Za Bing Lun

以预防思维、人本思想、整体观念为指导,借鉴《孙子兵法》核心理念,论述《伤寒杂病论》在未病-既病-瘥后这一整体、动态、连续的过程中所蕴含的兵法之道,体现在“修道保法,未病先防”“计利任势,既病图治”“战胜修功,瘥后防复”3个方面。既病阶段包括“战于易胜,治于始萌”“以逸待劳,先安未受”“先立不败,以待可胜”“兵贵神速,急证急治”“分敌而战,合邪分解”“围师必阙,给邪出路”“正中寓奇,知常达变”“惟无武进,中病即止”8个方面。

Guided by preventive thinking,human-oriented thinking,and holistic concept,and referring to the core concepts of Sun Zi Bing Fa,this paper discusses the war tactics in the overall,dynamic,and continuous process of pre-disease-disease-rehabilitation proposed in Shang Han Za Bing Lun.It is reflected in 3 aspects:"Cultivating the Dao and strictly adhering to Fa in prevention of the disease","weighing the pros and cons and taking advantages in treatment of the disease"and"consolidating achievements after victory in prevention of the recurrence after recovery".Among them,the methods in the second stage of the disease includes 8 aspects:"early treatment when the disease is still mild","protecting the part where there is no disease","standing undefeated and waiting to win","urgent illness being treated quickly","comprehensive treatment of disease to dispel the evil factors combined with giving them way out","Adhering the principle with flexible methods and being able to adapt to the changes based on the normal cases"and"stopping medication when the disease is cured instead of blindly adding dosage".