知识产权惩罚性赔偿倍数的认定规则构建

Establishment of Rules for Determining Multiple of Intellectual Property Punitive Damages

知识产权惩罚性赔偿案件因缺乏客观统一的倍数认定规则,导致司法实践中对惩罚倍数认定的说理笼统,无法为当事人提供相对稳定的司法预期。在惩罚倍数的认定上,建议对侵权主观要件区分直接故意与间接故意,对间接故意设置零至一倍酌减区间;对侵权客观要件区分定性因素与定量因素,建立客观侵权情节赋值规则,根据客观侵权情节严重程度赋值之和对应具体惩罚倍数区间。结合知识产权类型区分列举精细化惩罚倍数小数值的考量因素。同时基于利益平衡原则,考虑公共利益作为惩罚倍数值的调整因素,综合设计主客观因素确定惩罚倍数区间的流程体系,以期使惩罚倍数的认定更具合理性与客观性。

Due to the lack of objective and unified rules of multiple determination in intellectual property punitive damages cases,the reasoning of multiple determination in judicial practice is general,which cannot provide relatively stable judicial expectations for the parties.In determining the penalty multiplier,it is recommended to distinguish be⁃tween direct intent and indirect intent for the subjective elements of infringement,and to set a zero to one fold reduc⁃tion interval for indirect intent.The objective conditions of infringement are distinguished from qualitative factors and quantitative factors,and the rules of assigning objective circumstances of infringement are established.The identifica⁃tion interval of specific penalty multiple is determined according to the sum range of assigning values of the severity of objective circumstances.The factors to consider the decimal value of fine penalty multiple are listed according to the type of intellectual property.At the same time,based on the principle of balance of interests,considering the public in⁃terest as the adjustment factor of penalty multiple,comprehensive design of subjective and objective factors to deter⁃mine the process system of penalty multiple interval,in order to make the determination of penalty multiple more reasonable and objective.