中药治疗阿霉素肾病模型实验的研究进展

Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Adriamycin Nephropathy Model Experiment

阿霉素肾病(adriamycin nephropathy,AN)模型是经典的慢性肾脏病模型,可以模拟人类肾病综合征(nephrotic syndrome,NS)的临床表现及病理变化,用于研究NS的病理机制,为开发NS的治疗药物提供基础。实验研究多采用中医治疗水肿的方法治疗AN,大多从肺、脾、肾论治,以补肺,健脾,益肾,活血,利水为治则指导用药。根据肾脏的生理功能及慢性肾脏病的病理变化,关于中药治疗AN的机制的研究主要集中在以下几个方面:调节水通道蛋白(aquaporin,AQP)的表达,改善肾脏对水平衡的调节功能;改善炎症细胞的表达,减轻炎症反应;修复足细胞,改善肾小球的通透性;以及通过各种信号通路减缓肾脏纤维化进程。各个实验研究结果显示中药在AN模型治疗中有显著的效果,不同的中药方剂具有不同的作用机制,有一种或多种作用通路。本文选取了近年来中药治疗AN的实验研究,做此综述,希望能为临床治疗NS提供佐证,能为后来的实验研究提供经验和思路。

Adriamycin nephropathy(AN)model is a classical model of chronic kidney disease,which can simulate the clinical manifestations and pathological changes of human nephrotic syndrome(NS).It is used to study the pathological mechanism of NS and provide the basis for the development of therapeutic drugs for NS.Experimental studies mostly use traditional Chinese medicine to treat edema in the treatment of AN,mostly from the lung,spleen and kidney,with tonifying lung,strengthening spleen,benefiting kidney,activating blood and diuresis as the treatment principles to guide medication.According to the physiological function of kidney and pathological changes of chronic kidney disease,the research on the mechanism of treating AN with traditional Chinese medicine mainly focuses on the following aspects:regulating the expression of aquaporin(AQP),improve the regulating function of kidney on water balance;improve the expression of inflammatory cells,reduce inflammatory reaction;repair podocytes,improve glomerular permeability;and slow down the process of renal fibrosis through various signal pathways.The results of various experimental studies show that traditional Chinese medicine has a significant effect in the treatment of AN model,and different Chinese medicine prescriptions have different mechanisms,and there is one or more pathways.In this review,the experimental studies on the treatment of AN with traditional Chinese medicine in recent years are selected for this review,hoping to provide evidence for clinical treatment of NS and provide experience and ideas for later experimental research.