双能量CT在评估椎体骨密度中的应用进展

Application Progress of Dual-energy CT in the Evaluation of Vertebral Bone Mineral Density

骨密度是度量人体骨骼骨量的一个重要标志,骨质疏松是最常见的代谢性骨骼疾病,骨密度的降低与骨质疏松直接相关;影像学检查对高危患者的椎体骨密度进行筛查及准确定量评估有重要意义。双能量CT是在高低能量水平下物质的不同衰减来表征不同成分,与传统CT相比其主要优势在于可利用多参数成像提供额外有关骨骼组织成分等信息。本文就骨密度常用检查方法、双能量CT成像原理及双能量CT在椎体骨密度中的应用进展予以综述。

Bone mineral density is an important measure of bone mass in the human skeleton.Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease.Decreased bone mineral density is directly related to osteoporosis.Imaging is important for screening and accurate quantitative assessment of vertebral bone density in high-risk patients.Dual-energy CT is used to characterize different components by different attenuation of substances at high and low energy levels.The main advantage over conventional CT is that multi-parametric imaging can be used to provide extra information about bone tissue composition and so on.This article reviews the common methods of bone density examination,the principle of dual-energy CT imaging,and the progress of the application of dual-energy CT in vertebral bone density.