老年糖尿病患者出现低血糖反应的院前急救护理措施探析

Exploration of Pre-hospital Emergency Care Measures for Elderly Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Presenting with Hypoglycemic Reaction

目的探讨院前急救护理在老年糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)患者出现低血糖反应时的应用效果。方法选取2021年6月—2022年5月广州市第一人民医院南沙医院收治的96例老年DM出现低血糖反应患者为研究对象,根据随机摸球法分为干预组(n=48)与对照组(n=48)。对照组给予常规护理干预,干预组给予院前急救护理干预,比较两组入院急救时间、住院时间、血糖指标、自我管理状况及护理满意度。结果干预组入院急救时间及住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖明显提高,糖化血红蛋白明显降低;且干预组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖均高于对照组,糖化血红蛋白低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组自我管理优良率、知识掌握优良率均明显提高,且干预组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组护理满意度(95.83%)较对照组(81.25%)明显更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年DM患者出现低血糖反应采用院前急救护理措施可缩短入院急救时间及住院时间,改善血糖指标,提高自我管理优良率和知识掌握优良率,进一步提高护理满意度。

Objective To explore the effect of pre-hospital emergency care in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)who develop hypoglycemic reactions.Methods A total of 96 elderly patients with hypoglycemic reactions in DM admitted to Nansha Hospital of Guangzhou First People′s Hospital from June 2021 to May 2022 were selected as the study subjects and divided into intervention group(n=48)and control group(n=48)according to the randomized ball touching method.The control group was given conventional nursing intervention and the intervention group was given pre-hospital emergency care intervention.The time of emergency admission,length of stay,blood glucose index,selfmanagement status and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results The emergency time and hospital stay in the intervention group were shorter than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial glucose significantly increased,and HbA1c significantly decreased in two groups,and the fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial glucose in the intervention group were higher than the control group,and HbA1c were lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,the excellent rate of excellent self-management and excellent knowledge mastery of the two groups improved significantly,and the intervention group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction in the intervention group(95.83%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(81.25%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The use of pre-hospital emergency care measures in elderly DM patients with hypoglycemic reactions can shorten the time of emergency admission and hospital stay,improve blood glucose index,increase the excellent rate of self-management and excellent rate of knowledge acquisition,and further improve nursing satisfaction.