牛吸虫病的诊断和防控研究

Diagnosis and Prevention and Control of Bovine Schistosomiasis

目的 探讨牛吸虫病的诊断和防控措施。方法 选择2020年4月~2021年4月某养殖场15头牛吸虫病牛为研究对象,均存在反复腹泻、便秘症状,部分病牛经青霉素、链霉素等抗生素治疗无效,新鲜粪便采样后实验室检查诊断为牛肝片吸虫病;病牛均立即实施驱虫治疗,灌喂氯氰碘柳胺钠或阿苯达唑等驱虫药,并肌注黄连素,必要时静脉输注25%葡萄糖溶液静脉注射,维护肝脏功能,观察病牛预后情况。结果 治疗5 d后,病牛腹泻、便秘好转,观察2周后,粪便性状恢复正常,肝区疼痛消退,发热症状消退,眼睑、下颌等肿胀消退;食欲、精神状态复常,预后良好。结论 牛吸虫病存在便秘、腹泻、肝区疼痛拒检、眼睑下颌水肿等症状,应及时进行实验室粪便检查确诊,及时实施驱虫治疗,以改善病牛预后,并强化防控措施,降低牛吸虫病感染风险。

Objective:To explore the diagnosis and prevention and control measures of bovine schistosomiasis.Methods From April 2020 to April 2021,15 cattle with trematosis in a farm were selected as the research objects.All of them had symptoms of repeated diarrhea and constipation.Some of the infected cattle were ineffective after penicillin,streptomycin and other antibiotics.After fresh stool sampling,they were diagnosed as fasciola hepatica in the laboratory;All sick cattle were immediately treated with insecticides,such as chlorhexidine sodium or albendazole,and berberine was injected intramuscularly.If necessary,a 25%glucose solution was injected intravenously to maintain liver function and observe the prognosis of the sick cattle.After 5 days of treatment,the diarrhea and constipation of the sick cow improved.After 2 weeks of observation,the fecal characteristics returned to normal,the pain in the liver area subsided,the fever symptoms subsided,and the swelling of the eyelids and mandibles subsided;The appetite and mental state return to normal,and the prognosis is good.Conclusion:Bovine fluke disease has symptoms such as constipation,diarrhea,liver pain rejection,eyelid and mandibular edema.It should be diagnosed through laboratory fecal examination in a timely manner,and deworming treatment should be implemented in a timely manner to improve the prognosis of the infected cattle.Prevention and control measures should be strengthened to reduce the risk of infection of Bovine fluke disease.