中青年女性癌症患者决策准备的潜在类别分析

Preparation for Decision-making Among Young and Middle-aged Female Cancer Patients: A Latent Class Analysis

目的 探讨中青年女性癌症患者决策准备的潜在类别,为构建个性化决策辅助方案提供依据。方法 采用便利抽样法选取2021年6月至2022年11月镇江市两所三级甲等医院的504名中青年女性癌症患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表和决策准备量表进行调查。采用潜在类别分析将中青年女性癌症患者决策准备进行分类,多元Logistic回归分析不同类别组患者特征的差异。结果 中青年女性癌症患者被分为决策信息失衡型(33.33%)、强利弊-弱沟通型(11.51%)、强沟通-弱利弊型(11.31%)和决策准备充足型(43.85%)4个潜在类别组。多元Logistic回归分析显示,文化程度、医疗付费形式、月收入及疾病分期是其潜在类别分型的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 中青年女性癌症患者决策准备具有4个潜在类别,医护人员应注重不同患者的决策准备特征,制定针对性的决策辅助方案,以提高其决策准备水平。

Objective To explore the latent classes of the preparation for decision-making in young and middle-aged female cancer patients,and to provide the basis for constructing individualized decision aid scheme.Methods A total of 504 young and middle-aged female cancer patients from 2 tertiary A hospitals in Zhenjiang from June 2021 to November 2022 were selected as research objects by convenience sampling method.General data questionnaire and preparation decision making questionnaire(PrepDM)were used for investigation.Latent class analysis(LCA)was used to classify decision-making preparation of young and middle-aged female cancer patients,and multiple Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the differences in patient characteristics among different categories.Results The patients were divided into 4 latent classes,namely decision information imbalance type(33.33%),strong benefit-weak communication(11.51%),strong communication-weak benefit type(11.31%)and sufficient decision preparation type(43.85%).Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that education level,payment form,monthly income and disease stage were the factors influencing potential categories(all P<0.05).Conclusions There are 4 latent classes of the preparation for decision-making among young and middle-aged female cancer patients.Medical staff should pay attention to the characteristics of different latent classes and develop targeted decision assistance programs to improve their decision-making preparation level.