聚醚胺的制备及其在汽油清净剂中的应用研究

Preparation of Polyether Amine and Its Application in the Gasoline Detergent

采用胺和环氧丙烷为原料,制得一种可用作汽油清净剂主剂的聚醚胺表面活性剂,研究了催化剂用量、温度、压力、物料配比等因素对反应速率的影响,并通过高温热重分析法测试了复配产物对抑制和清除发动机沉积物的效果。结果表明,适宜的工艺条件为:环氧丙烷加成反应温度160℃;聚合反应催化剂用量0.3%、温度135~145℃、压强0.2~0.3 MPa。对比市售清净剂,当制备胺醚的总胺值为71 mg KOH/g时,复配的汽油清净剂可使汽车发动机进气阀上的沉积物降低88.5%。该聚醚胺表面活性剂制备工艺简单,复配产物去除积碳性能优良,在汽油清净剂领域具有较好的应用前景。

Using amines and propylene oxide as raw material to prepare a gasoline detergent can be used as the main agent of polyether amine surfactant,the amount of catalyst,temperature,pressure,material ratio and other factors on the reaction rate impact and high temperature thermal gravimetric analysis by testing the product compound inhibiting effect and remove engine deposits.The results showed that the optimal conditions were:PO addition reaction temperature of 155℃;polymerization catalyst dosage 0.3%,temperature 135~145℃,pressure 0.2~0.3 MPa.Compare commercially available detergent,when the total value of the amine-amine ethers 78 mg KOH/g,the complex can of gasoline detergent automotive engine intake valve deposits reduced by more than 88.3%on.The polyether amine surfactant preparation process is simple,excellent performance complex product to remove carbon deposits,in the field of gasoline detergent has good application prospects.