药物跨血脑屏障治疗脑胶质瘤的研究进展

Advances in drug transporting across the blood brain barrier for glioblastoma treatment

脑胶质瘤(Glioblastoma, GBM)是存活率最低的肿瘤之一,难治的主要原因是血脑屏障(Blood brain barrier, BBB)和血液-脑肿瘤屏障(Blood brain tumor barrier, BBTB)严重限制了化疗药物对GBM病灶部位渗透和组织积累。目前用于GBM的治疗策略成功率低,容易引起全身毒性,药物的脑内有效递送仍面临严峻挑战。本文综述了生理状态下BBB的结构与功能,GBM病理学过程引起BBB功能病理性“破坏”的机制,以及血脑屏障干预的GBM治疗策略。基于BBB和BBTB的病理学特性,设计适宜的脑内药物释放系统,增强药物的脑内递送,为GBM的有效治疗提供新思路。

Glioblastoma(GBM)is one of the tumors with the lowest survival rate.The presence of the blood brain barrier(BBB)and blood brain tumor barrier(BBTB)severely limit the effective delivery of therapeutic agents in GBM lesions,which is one of the main causes of refractory treatment for GBM.Strategies currently used in GBM therapy have a low success rate and are likely to cause systemic toxicity.The effective delivery of drugs into the brain still faces big challenges.This article reviews the structure and function of BBB under physiological conditions,the mechanism of BBB pathological disruption caused by GBM,and the therapeutic strategy for GBM based on BBB intervention.Designing an appropriate intracranial drug delivery system based on the pathological characteristics of BBB and BBTB to enhance the intracranial drug delivery may provide new ideas for GBM effective therapeutics.