基于E-Coach慢性病管理理论的健康信念宣教对门诊糖尿病患者的护理效果

Nursing effect of health belief education based on E-Coach chronic disease management theory on outpatients with diabetes

目的探讨E-Coach慢病管理理论下健康信念宣教护理在糖尿病门诊患者中的应用效果。方法选取医院门诊2021年7—11月就诊的糖尿病患者100例为对照组,选取2021年7月—2022年4月就诊的糖尿病患者100例为观察组。对照组实施常规健康宣教,观察组实施E—Coach慢性病管理理论下健康信念宣教,对比分析两组患者血糖指标、自我管理行为及不良事件发生率。结果干预前,两组患者血糖三项指标HbA1c、FBG、2 hPBG、健康行为(SD-SCA-6)各维度得分相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预3个月后,观察组患者血糖三项指标均有所改善,观察组改善情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组SD-SCA-6除吸烟维度得分降低,其他各维度即血糖监测、饮食管理、运动管理、足部护理、用药管理得分均提高,组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者低血糖、高渗性昏迷、酮症酸中毒、再入院不良事件总发生率低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对糖尿病患者实施E—Coach慢性病管理理论下健康信念宣教,可改善患者自我管理行为,有效控制血糖水平。

Objective To explore the application effect of health belief education and nursing in diabetes outpatients under the E-Coach chronic disease management theory.Methods 100 patients with diabetes from July to November 2021 were selected as the control group,and 100 patients with diabetes from July 2021 to April 2022 were selected as the observation group.The control group received routine health education,while the observation group received health belief education based on the E-Coach theory of chronic disease management.Blood glucose indicators,self-management behavior,and incidence of adverse events were compared and analyzed between the two groups of patients.Results Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of three blood glucose indicators HbA1c,FBG,2 hPBG,and health behavior(SD-SCA-6)between the two groups of patients(P>0.05).After 3 months of intervention,all the three indicators of blood sugar in the observation group patients improved,and the improvement in the observation group was better than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05);The observation group SD-SCA-6 showed a decrease in scores in all dimensions except smoking,including blood glucose monitoring,dietary management,exercise management,foot care and medication management,the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05);The total incidence of hypoglycemia,hypertonic coma,ketoacidosis,and readmission adverse events in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Health belief education based on E-Coach chronic disease management theory can improve self-management behavior of patients with diabetes and effectively control blood sugar level.