从文化到文学:西藏游记散文景观符形的身体化过程生成

From Culture to Literature:the Formation of Human Experiencefor Cultural Landscapes Symbols for Tibetan Travelogues

起源于20世纪的文化景观经过人文主义地理学的生成建构,成为集景观设计、环境自然、建筑生态等多种跨学科的研究领域要素,而西藏地域景观与空间区域的联结成为一种表征符形实体和意义理解建构的双向标识。西藏众多游记主体作家的文学描写赋予了地理景观更多的生命意识和情感传达,揭示了地理景观蕴藏在民族文化集体无意识根源的众多蕴含,对游记文本文学景观审美书写及意义生成过程的考察,能够更好阐明文学景观在地区文化整体谱系链条中的嵌入作用。文章基于马丽华、杨年华等作家的涉藏散文游记,分析了地理空间、地域景观与文学的亲缘关系,认为蕴含重要文化内涵以及代表特定地方的价值观念的景观、环境、生态等在游历者心中发酵升华为深刻的情感体验,并趋于审美化的文学形式表达。文学表达中将一些约定俗成的代表性文化事象赋予民族文化和地域文化的意义,形成文化符号和图形,从而实现了文化向文学的转化生成。散文文本中图文互现的叙事结构呈现出一种空间向度,引导着读者的异域景观想象,游记文本中的审美化文学表达,在交互主体、身体感知及审美完型的散开性一体化结构中,孕育着文学景观的生产性深化。

Originated in the 20th century,cultural landscapeshas become a multi-disciplinary research field,which includes landscapes design,environmental nature,architectural ecology and etc.Through the combination of Tibetan geography landscapes and spatial areashas become a two-way mark of symbolic entity,meaning understanding and itsconstructing.Numerous Tibetan traveloguesauthors have empowered the geographical landscapesto have more life consciousness and emotional communication through their expressions.It reveals that numerous implications of geographical landscapes in the unconscious root of Tibetancollectiveculture,investigation of the aesthetic writing and meaning generation process of literary landscapes in traveloguesexcerpts better clarifies the embedding role of literarylandscapes in the whole family of regional culture.Based on the travelogues notes of Tibet-related famous writers,such as Ma Lihua and Yang Nianhua.This paper analyzes the close relationshipsamong geographical space,regional landscapes and literature.The authors of the thesis hold that the cultural landscapeswhich contain important cultural connotations and represent the local values,environment and ecology.They have left profound impression ontravelersboth physically and spirituallyand they have tended to express themselves in aesthetic literature styles.From the writers'view,some customary representative cultural events mean cultures both ethnically and regionally,thus form cultural symbols and images andfinally successfully transform culturesinto literature.The narrative structure of images and texts in travelogues presents a spatial dimension,which inspires readersin their imagination of exotic landscapes.The aesthetic literature expression in travelogues is full of deepening literary landscapes out put under the background of open and integrated structure of interactive subject,body perception and aesthetic perfection.