新疆野生桦褐孔菌生物学特性及化学成分分析

Analysis of biological properties and chemicalcomponents of Inonotus obliquus in xinjiang

【目的】分析新疆桦褐孔菌生物学特性及化学成分。【方法】由采自新疆阿勒泰的桦褐孔菌菌核组织分离获得纯培养菌株HS819,利用Biolog FF微孔板表征该菌株的碳源代谢特征;利用GC-MS分析菌核、菌丝体及发酵液的石油醚提取物化学成分。【结果】菌株HS819与桦褐孔菌菌株PAT29027(OP019327)的相似性为99.73%,结合菌核、菌落、菌丝形态及系统进化分析,确定该菌株为桦褐孔菌;该菌株的碳源代谢特征表明其对D-核糖、甘氨酰-L-谷氨酸、水杨苷、β-甲基-D-半乳糖苷、α-酮戊二酸、D-纤维二糖、L-谷氨酸等7种碳源的代谢能力最强;GC-MS在菌核、菌丝体及发酵液中分别检测出43种、39种和38种成分,烃类、酸类和酯类的相对含量明显高于醛类与醇类,其中酸类是菌核及菌丝体的主要成分,分别占总成分的66.07%和60.03%,在发酵液中,烃类为主要成分,占54.01%。【结论】桦褐孔菌可利用的碳源中纤维素与半纤维素占主要成分;该菌株在自然环境下和液态发酵过程中检测的化学成分种类和含量上差异明显,两者基因的差异性表达可能与生物胁迫、生长环境等因素有关。

【Objective】The aim is to analyze the biological characteristics and chemical constituents of Inonotus obliquus in Xinjiang.【Methods】A strain HS819,which was isolated from sclerotium was collected from Altay,Xinjiang.The carbon source utilization patterns of the strain were characterized by Biolog FF microplate.Chemical components of the nucleus,mycelium and fermentation broth detected in mineral ether were extracted and analyzed by using GC-MS.【Results】The result of the ITS blast showed that the similarity between strain HS819 and Inonotus obliquus strain PAT29027(OP019327)was 99.73%.And the strain was identified as Inonotus obliquus by the morphological characteristics of sclerotium,colony,hyphae and phylogenetic analysis.Strain HS819 had the strongest metabolic ability to seven carbon sources,such as D-ribose,glycyl-L-glutamic acid,salicin,β-methyl-D-galactoside,α-keto-glutaric acid,D-cellobiose,and L-glutamic acid.There were 43,39 and 38 different chemical components detected in sclerotium,mycelium and fermentation broth by using GC-MS,respectively.The relative content of hydrocarbons,acids and lipids was significantly higher than that of aldehydes and alcohols,of which acids were the main components of sclerotium and mycelium,accounting for 66.07%and 60.03%of the total components,respectively,and hydrocarbons were the main components in fermentation broth,accounting for 54.01%.【Conclusion】Cellulose and hemicellulose are the main components in carbon source utilization to strain HS819.There are significant differences in the types and contents of chemical components detected in the natural environment and the liquid fermentation process of the strain.The differential expression of genes may be related to biological stress and growth environment in the two states.