可催化高氯酸钠热分解的三维微纳多孔铜的合成

Synthesis of Three-dimensional Micro-Nano Porous Copper Catalyzed for Thermal Decomposition of Sodium Perchlorate

采用氢气泡模板法成功制备了具有三维微纳米结构的多孔铜层,研究了聚乙二醇(PEG)、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)对多孔铜(PCu)三维结构的影响,通过溶剂挥发法将NaClO_(4)嵌入所制备的PCu内,合成了内嵌NaClO_(4)的多孔铜复合材料。结果表明,具有Cl-、PEG和CTAB三者协同的多孔铜层的孔径最小且分布最均匀,整体孔隙率约为94%,孔隙上下贯通,孔壁相互连接具有自支撑作用。将该种PCu内嵌30μL浓度为0.85 mol/L的NaClO_(4)乙醇溶液后进行DSC热分析发现,NaClO_(4)的分解温度从517℃下降至321℃,表明三维微纳米多孔铜层对NaClO_(4)热分解具有优异的催化活性,可广泛用于推进剂、炸药和烟火材料等领域。

The hydrogen bubble template method was used to successfully prepare a porous copper layer with a three-dimensional micro-nano structure.The effects of polyethylene glycol(PEG)and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)on the three-dimensional structure of porous copper(PCu)were studied.NaClO4 was embedded in the prepared PCu by solvent volatilization to form an embedded NaClO4 porous copper composite material.The results show that the porous copper layer adjusted by Cl-,PEG and CTAB has the smallest pore size and the most uniform distribu-tion,and the overall porosity is about 94%.Its microscopic appearance shows that small holes are covered by large holes,and the hole wall is connected to the hole wall.30μL of 0.85 mol/L NaClO4 ethanol solution was embedded in PCu,and the sample was thermally analyzed by DSC.It was found that the decomposition temperature of NaClO4 dropped from 517℃to 321℃,indicating that the three-dimensional micro-nanoporous copper exhibits excellent catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of NaClO4,which can be used in the fields of propellants,explosives,and pyrotechnic materials.