《临洞庭》《登岳阳楼》阐释变迁及其诗学意义

On the Interpretation Changes of Lindongting and Climbing Yueyang Tower and Its Poetic Significance

比较《临洞庭》《登岳阳楼》阐释历程,宋代孟浩然不如杜甫,明代难分伯仲,清代持论客观。二诗首联律间出古,被看作五律起句之法。二诗颔联气势壮阔,但写景有精疏之别,《登岳阳楼》不如《临洞庭》精切,这与杜甫晚年“眼复几时暗”的视力障碍有关。二诗后四句褒贬不一,争论亦多。综观二诗阐释历程,其中五律起句之法、写景虚实笔法、诗篇情格问题等对五律鉴赏具有借鉴和典范意义。

Comparing the interpretation of Lindongting and Climbing Yueyang Tower,critics in Song Dynasty believe that MENG Haoran is inferior to DU Fu and it is controversial about who is better in Ming Dynasty,while views on them are objective in Qing Dynasty.The first couplet of the two poems are based on the method of starting a line of five-character regulated verse.The following two lines are magnificent in describing the scenery,but there is a difference of fineness.Climbing Yueyang Tower is not as exquisite as Lindongting,due to the visual impairment of DU Fu in his later years.Views about the last four lines of the two poems are mixed and controversial.Taking a comprehensive view of the interpretation of the two poems,the method of starting the sentence of the five-character regulated verse,the method of painting scenes,and the problem of poetic sentiment may have reference and exemplary significance for the appreciation of the five-character regulated verse.