袭警罪中“暴力”的法教义学解构

The Legal Doctrinal Deconstruction of"Violence"in the Crime of Assaulting Police

袭警罪与妨害公务罪法条之间是特别法条和一般法条的关系,其所保护的法益是人民警察的职务行为不受侵犯。本罪的“暴力”包括对人暴力与对物暴力,直接暴力与间接暴力。本罪属于具体危险犯,作用于人身的“暴力”要求阻碍人民警察对职务的执行但不要求造成实际损伤,作用于职务辅助物的“暴力”适用“感知-妨害”标准,作用于执法相对物的“暴力”适用“控制-妨害”标准。本罪加重情节中“暴力”的手段应通过同类解释认定且要求严重危及人民警察人身安全,但不要求造成实害结果。消极抵御的“暴力”、显著轻微的“暴力”和“软暴力”应被本罪所排除。

The relationship between the crime of assault on police and the crime of obstruction of public service is the special law and the general law,which protects the legal interests of the people's police is not infringed.The"violence"of this crime includes violence against people and things,direct violence and indirect violence.This crime belongs to the specific dangerous crime.The"violence"acting on the person requires to obstruct the people's police to perform their duties but does not require to cause actual damage;the"violence"acting on the auxiliary objects of duties applies to the"perception-nuisance"standard;the"violence"acting on the opposite objects of law enforcement applies to the"control-nuisance"standard.The means of"violence"in the aggravating circumstances of this crime should be identified by similar interpretation and require that it seriously endangers the personal safety of the person,but does not require that it causes actual harm."Violence"of passive resistance,"violence"of significant light and"soft violence"should be excluded from this crime.