怀疑阐释学

Hermeneutics of Suspicion:A Keyword in Critical Theory

作为一种对文本及其隐藏意义进行挖掘和解码的阐释方式,“怀疑阐释学”现已成为人文学科的主要阅读策略和批判技能之一。在利科的初始语境中,怀疑与信仰的意愿构成阐释活动的双重动机,对应着意义的去蔽和恢复。20世纪90年代,塞吉维克把怀疑在方法论中的核心地位归因于偏执概念的特权化,从情动视角延展了怀疑阐释学。菲尔斯基则以日常意义上的怀疑情绪为旨归,进一步将“批判性阅读”提炼为“怀疑式阅读”,并在批判中捕捉到与侦查行为相似的身份认同、解释手段、逆推范式以及对调查过程本身的依恋,还原了批判的游戏性和情感参与。

"Hermeneutics of Suspicion,"which has become one of the primary reading strategies and critical skills in the humanities,refers to the approach to digging and decoding texts for hidden truths.According to Paul Ricoeur,the double motivations of hermeneutics are willingness to suspect and willingness to listen,corresponding to the demystification of illusions or recovery of real meanings.In the 1990s,Eve Sedgwick attributed the fundamental position of suspicion to the privilege of paranoia and expanded the term from the perspective of affect.Based on them,Rita Felski refines"critical reading"into"suspicious reading"by taking suspicion as an ordinary word.She points out similarities between critique and detective stories in terms of identities,interpretative methods,the use of conjectural paradigm,and immersion in inquiry techniques,eventually restoring the spiritual excitement and affective engagement of critique.