中国2022年疾病预防控制机构和预防接种单位疫苗冷链设备现况

Status of vaccine cold chain equipment in centers for disease control and prevention and vaccination units in China,2022

目的评估中国疾病预防控制机构(Center for disease control and prevention,CDC)和预防接种单位疫苗冷链设备现况。方法基于省级免疫规划信息系统收集截至2022年12月31日各级CDC和接种单位冷链设备信息,进行描述性分析。结果2022年中国各级CDC和接种单位现有冷链设备共359696个,平均每万人口拥有2.55个,平均每个机构拥有4.60个,平均使用年限(中位数)为3.08年;冷库、医用冰箱、非医用冰箱、冷藏车、疫苗运输车、冷藏箱/包和发电机组的每万人口拥有数量分别为0.09座、1.27台、0.62台、0.04辆、0.01辆、0.46个和0.06个;平均使用年限(中位数)分别为2.29年、2.61年、4.58年、2.22年、3.73年、2.17年和2.16年。结论中国2022年CDC和接种单位疫苗冷链系统建设得到进一步发展,新型冠状病毒疫苗大规模接种工作促进了疫苗冷链设备更新补充。

Objective To explore the status of vaccine cold chain equipment in centers for disease control and prevention(CDC)and vaccination units in China.Methods We used provincial immunization information systems to collect data on cold chain equipment of all CDCs and vaccination units as of December 31,2022 for a descriptive analysis.Results There were 359696 pieces of cold chain equipment in CDCs and vaccination units in China in 2022,for an average of 2.55 pieces per 10000 population or 4.60 per institution,with a median time in use of 3.08 years.Numbers of cold rooms,medical refrigerators,non-medical refrigerators,refrigerated vehicles,transportation vehicles,cold boxes/bags,and generator sets per 10000 population were 0.09,1.27,0.62,0.04,0.01,0.46,and 0.06,with median times in use of 2.29,2.61,4.58,2.22,3.73,2.17,and 2.16 years,respectively.Conclusions Vaccine cold chain systems in CDCs and vaccination units were further developed nationwide in 2022.The large-scale COVID-19 vaccination campaign promoted updating and supplementing vaccine cold chain equipment.