基于语料库的way构式拓扑翻译整合研究

A corpus-based study of topological integration in the translation of the“way construction”

构式拓扑翻译观提倡翻译是原文构式与译语构式在拓扑性原理的指导下进行的一种认知整合过程。本文基于构式拓扑翻译观,采用单语可比语料库和英汉平行语料库,分别从“译语独特项”和“原语独特项”视角对英语way构式的翻译进行分析,提出翻译是原文构式与译语构式在拓扑性原理指导下进行的一种认知整合过程。研究发现:(1)way构式是翻译英语的译语独特项,与原创英语相比,way构式在翻译文本中明显减少;(2)英译汉时,way构式是原语独特项,不能激活特定的汉语构式,其译文呈现多种翻译选择;(3)翻译选择存在明显的整合类型偏好,即单域归化>双域整合>单域异化。这些整合类型本质上是对原文构式与译语构式之间拓扑性要素的压缩,即对way构式事件语义要素的选择性凸显。从翻译效果来看,双域整合可能是way构式汉译的最佳策略。本文为“译语独特项假设”这一翻译共性提供了新的证据和解释,对语言独特项的翻译实践和翻译教学亦有启示。

The construction-topology approach to translation proposes that translation is a process of cognitive integration between source text construction and target language construction,guided by principles of topology.Instructed by this approach and based on two monolingual comparable corpora and an English-Chinese parallel corpus,this article investigates the translation of the English"way construction"viewed as a"target language unique item"or a"source language unique item."The results show that(1)"way construction"is a unique item in translated English,and there are fewer instances in translated English texts compared with non-translated English texts;(2)as a"source language unique item"in English-Chinese translation,"way construction"fails to activate a fixed Chinese construction,and its translation varies depending on the translator's choice;(3)multiple translation choices indicate translators'preferences for different translation integration types:single-domain domesticating integration>double-domain integration>singledomain foreignizing integration.Each type indicates a compression of the topological elements of the"way construction"that establishes the link between the source text and target language construction;alternatively,it indicates the optional salience of the semantic information of the motion event encoded by the"way construction."However,in terms of the translation effect,double-domain integration may be the best choice when translating the English"way construction"into Chinese.This research provides new evidence and an explanatory account for the"Unique Items Hypothesis"as a potential translation universal and sheds light on the practice and teaching of translating language-specific items.