微流控纺丝技术及多元结构微流控纤维柔性可穿戴应用

Microfluidic spinning technology and flexible wearable application of multi-structure microfluidic fiber

微流控纺丝技术融合了微流控技术和纺丝技术的优点,可设计制备常规纺丝技术难以实现的复杂结构微纤维。通过对微尺度流体流动的精确调控及利用微通道内流体的层流流动特性,微流控纺丝技术制备的多元结构功能微纤维在生物医学、柔性电子、分析化学等领域具有广泛应用。本文系统介绍了微流控纺丝技术的纺丝装置及固化机制,综述了实心/多孔纤维、中空/核壳纤维、Janus/双组分/多组分纤维、纺锤状纤维、螺旋纤维等多元结构纤维的制备方法、结构特点及其在柔性可穿戴中的应用,最后分析了微流控纺丝技术在制备微纤维中的优势与不足,并对微流控纺丝技术的应用前景进行展望。

Microfluidic spinning technology combines the advantages of microfluidic technology and spinning technology,and can design and fabricate complex microfibers that are difficult to be realized by conventional spinning technology.Through the precise regulation of micro-scale fluid flow and the use of laminar flow characteristics of the fluid in the micro-channel,microfluidic spinning technology has a wide range of applications in biomedicine,flexible electronics,analytical chemistry and other fields.In this paper,the spinning device and curing mechanism of microfluidic spinning technology are systematically introduced,and the preparation methods,structural characteristics and applications of multi-structure fibers such as solid/porous fiber,hollow/core-shell fiber,Janus/two-component/multi-component fiber,spindle fiber and spiral fiber are reviewed.Finally,the advantages and disadvantages of microfluidic spinning technology in the preparation of microfibers are analyzed,and the application prospect of microfluidic spinning technology is forecasted.