探讨微创脊柱内固定系统对胸腰椎骨折的治疗作用分析

Analysis of the Therapeutic Effect of Minimally Invasive Spinal Internal Fixation System on Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures

目的分析胸腰椎骨折患者经微创脊柱内固定系统治疗的临床效果。方法随机选取2019年1月—2021年1月期间在福建医科大学附属福州市第一医院进行治疗的胸腰椎骨折患者80例纳入研究,根据不同治疗方法将患者分为两组,每组40例。对照组患者实施常规开放椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗,观察组患者实施微创脊柱内固定系统治疗。对比两组复位效果、手术指标以及术后并发症情况。结果治疗后,两组椎间隙高度,椎体前、后缘高度,Cobb’s角均较同组治疗前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组治疗后对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组手术时间(55.48±12.32)min、切口长度(4.55±1.16)cm、术中出血量(87.36±12.53)mL、术后引流量(15.16±2.21)mL、术后下床活动时间(4.34±1.19)d、住院时间(9.23±1.34)d均优于对照组相,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后螺钉松动、螺钉断裂、切口感染、畸形愈合、下肢静脉血栓发生率(2.50%)低于对照组(20.00%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.507,P<0.05)。结论胸腰椎骨折患者经微创脊柱内固定系统治疗后骨折复位效果较好,手术时间短,术后并发症较少,可有效促进伤椎的恢复。

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of treatment by minimally invasive spinal internal fixation system in patients with thoracolumbar spine fractures.Methods Eighty patients with thoracolumbar fractures treated at Fuzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from January 2019 to January 2021 were randomly selected and included in this study,and the patients were divided into two groups according to different treatment methods,40 case each group.The control group were treated with conventional open pedicle screw internal fixation,and the observation group were treated with a minimally invasive spinal internal fixation system.The repositioning effect,surgical index and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the intervertebral space height,anterior and posterior vertebral body edge height,and Cobb's angle were significantly improved in the two groups compared with the same group before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).the two groups were compared after treatment,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The operation time(55.48±12.32)min,incision length(4.55±1.16)cm,intraoperative bleeding(87.36±12.53)mL,postoperative drainage(15.16±2.21)mL,postoperative bed activity time(4.34±1.19)d,and hospital stay(9.23±1.34)d in the observation group were better compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative screw loosening,screw fracture,incision infection,deformity healing,and lower limb venous thrombosis(2.50%)in the observation group was lower compared with the control group(20.00%),the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.507,P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with thoracolumbar spine fracture treated by minimally invasive spinal internal fixation system have better fracture repositioning effect,shorter operation time and less postoperative complications,which can effectively promote the recovery of the injured spine.