基于追踪方法学制订的护理方案在预防术中获得性压力损伤中的应用

Application of Nursing Plan Based on Tracking Methodology in Preventing Intraoperative Acquired Pressure Injury

目的观察基于追踪方法学制订的护理方案在预防骨科患者术中获得性压力损伤(pressure injury,PI的应用效果。方法方便选取2019年1月—2020年6月间厦门市第五医院围术期骨科患者98例为研究对象,按随机数表法分为观察组(n=49)和对照组(n=49),分别给予追踪方法学制订的护理和常规围术期护理。比较两组患者干预前后术中获得性PI发生风险[压力性损伤评估表得分(Braden评分)],术中获得性PI发生率、手术情况、护理满意度。结果干预后,观察组患者Braden评分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.104,P<0.001)。观察组术中获得性PI发生率为0%显著低于对照组12.24%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.438,P=0.035)。两组患者手术时间对比,差异无统计学意义(t=0.942,P=0.349)。观察组患者首次下床时间、住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的总满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于追踪方法学制定的护理方案在预防术中获得性压力损伤中的应用效果较好,能有效预术中获得性压力损伤的发生,缩短患者住院时间,且患者满意度较高。

Objective To observe the application effect of the nursing plan based on tracking methodology in the prevention of intraoperative pressure injury(PI)in orthopedic patients.Methods 98 perioperative orthopedic patients from Xiamen Fifth Hospital from January 2019 to June 2020 were conveniently selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into an observation group(n=49)and a control group(n=49)using a random number table method,and were given followup methodological care and routine perioperative care,respectively.Compare the risk of intraoperative acquired PI between two groups of patients before and after intervention(Braden score),as well as the incidence of intraoperative acquired PI,surgical condition,and nursing satisfaction.Results After intervention,the Braden score of the observation group patients was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=4.104,P<0.001).The incidence of intraoperative acquired PI in the observation was 0%,which was significantly lower than 12.24%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.438,P=0.035).The difference in surgical duration between the two groups of patients was not statistically significant(t=0.942,P=0.349).The first time of getting out of bed and hospitalization time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The nursing program based on tracking methodology has a better application effect in preventing intraoperative acquired pressure injury.It can effectively prevent the occurrence of intraoperative acquired pressure injury,shorten the hospital stay of patients,and have high patient satisfaction.