基于心理学的健康教育对行介入性产前诊断孕妇心理应激及穿刺并发症的影响

Influence of Psychology-based Health Education on Psychological Stress and Puncture Complications of Pregnant Women during Interventional Prenatal Diagnosis

目的分析基于心理学的健康教育对行介入性产前诊断孕妇心理应激及穿刺并发症的影响。方法通过随机双盲法将2020年2月至2021年4月行介入性产前诊断的96例孕妇分为两组,对照组48例在羊水穿刺介入诊断期间开展常规护理,观察组48例在其基础上开展基于心理学的健康教育,对比两组干预前后心率及血压变化、焦虑自评量表(SAS)与抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、并发症发生率的差异。结果护理后两组心率、舒张压、收缩压、SAS评分、SDS评分均较护理前降低(P<0.05),且观察组的上述指标低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组总并发症发生率为8.33%,低于对照组的22.92%(P<0.05)。结论对行介入性产前诊断的孕妇开展基于心理学的健康教育有助于减轻孕妇焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪,维持正常的生命体征,保障诊断的顺利完成,同时降低穿刺并发症发生率,提升患者满意度,提高护理服务质量。

Objective To analyze the effect of psychology-based health education on the psychological stress and puncture complications of pregnant women during interventional prenatal diagnosis.Methods Randomized double-blind sampling of numbers will divide 96 pregnant women who underwent interventional prenatal diagnosis from February 2020 to April 2021 into 2 groups,48 cases in the control group received routine nursing during the interventional diagnosis by amniocentesis,and 48 cases in the observation group on this basis,health education based on psychology was carried out,and the changes of heart rate and blood pressure,SAS score and SDS score,complication rate,satisfaction,etc.before and after the intervention were carried out.Results After nursing,the heart rate,diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,SAS score and SDS score in the observation group were all lower than those before nursing(P<0.05),and the above indexes in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence rate was 8.33%,which was lower than 22.92%in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Psychological-based health education for pregnant women undergoing interventional prenatal diagnosis can help reduce negative emotions such as anxiety and depression in pregnant women,maintain normal levels of vital signs,ensure the successful completion of diagnosis,and reduce the incidence of puncture complications,improve patient satisfaction,and improve the quality of nursing services.