广州市某三甲医院放射工作人员受照辐射剂量分析

Radiation dose analysis of radiation workers in a third class hospital in Guangzhou

目的掌握广州市某三甲医疗机构放射工作人员外照射个人剂量情况,为放射卫生防护管理提供科学依据。方法采用热释光剂量测量方法,对2020年广州市某三甲医疗机构的放射工作人员进行个人剂量监测,分析监测数据。结果共计182人参与个人剂量监测,其中X射线影像诊断工作人员占84.6%(154/182),介入放射学工作人员占15.4%(28/182)。四期合计监测566人次,其中X射线影像诊断工作人员470人次,介入放射学工作人员96人次。个人剂量年度监测期数满四期的人员占监测总人数的55.5%(101/182)。单个周期有效剂量在调查水平(>1.25 mSv)范围的有3人,分别为1.56 mSv、1.32 mSv、2.59 mSv。X射线影像诊断、介入放射学人均年有效剂量分别为0.42(0.27,0.93)mSv/a、0.59(0.17,0.78)mSv/a,两者相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。铅衣内、外人均年有效剂量分别为0.40(0.16,0.81)mSv/a、0.72(0.29,0.91)mSv/a,差异有统计学意义(Z=-4.395,P<0.05)。介入放射学工作人员铅衣外剂量大于内剂量的情况占70.8%(68/96);铅衣内剂量大于外剂量的情况占29.2%(28/96)。结论该医院应进一步加强放射工作人员管理,降低辐射受照剂量,防止放射性疾病的发生。

Objective To understand the individual dose of external irradiation of radiation workers in a class III medical institution in Guangzhou,and to provide scientific basis for radiation health protection management.Methods Thermoluminescence dosimetry was used to monitor the individual dose of radiation workers in a third class medical institution in Guangzhou in 2020,and the monitoring data were analyzed.Results A total of 182 people participated in personal dose monitoring,including 84.6%(154/182)of X-ray imaging diagnosis staff and 15.4%(28/182)of interventional radiology staff.A total of 566 people were monitored in phaseⅣ,including 470 X-ray imaging diagnosis staff and 96 interventional radiology staff.The monitoring rate initially increased in phaseⅠ,ⅡandⅢand decreased in phaseⅣ.55.5%(101/182)of the total number of monitoring personnel have completed four annual monitoring periods of personal dose.The individual dose equivalent in a single quarter was in the range of survey level(>1.25 mSv),which were 1.56 mSv,1.32 mSv and 2.59 mSv,respectively.The average annual effective doses of X-ray imaging diagnosis and interventional radiology were 0.42(0.27,0.93)mSv/A and 0.59(0.17,0.78)mSv/a,respectively.There was no significant difference between them(P>0.05).The average annual effective doses of lead clothing for internal and external people were 0.40(0.16,0.81)and 0.72(0.29,0.91),respectively.The difference was statistically significant(Z=-4.395,P<0.05).70.8%(68/96)of the interventional radiology workers were exposed to more external lead than internal lead;29.2%(28/96)of the cases in which the internal dose of lead was greater than the external dose.Conclusion The hospital should further strengthen the management of radiation workers,reduce the radiation dose and prevent the occurrence of radiation diseases.