北京市怀柔区乡村居民结核病防治知识知晓率调查结果分析

Analysis of the Results of the Survey on the Knowledge of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment among Rural Residents in Huairou District,Beijing

目的:了解北京市怀柔区乡村地区结核病防治知识知晓率,以便有针对性地开展不同形式的结核病知识健康教育工作。方法:在2020年家庭医生签约的同时,对辖区内15岁以上的人群开展结核病核心知识问卷调查,并对结果进行分析。结果:在815份有效问卷中,5条结核病防治核心知识的总知晓率为60.79%,对每条核心知识(传播途径、症状、就诊地点、国家优惠政策、治疗效果)的知晓率分别为65.15%、92.76%、50.67%、51.29%、44.05%。男性知晓率为62.48%,略高于女性(59.53%);总知晓最高为31~50岁人群(67.85%),其次为15~30岁人群(59.13%),最低为51岁以上人群(58.79%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=517.66、10.514,Ρ<0.05);在文化程度及职业上,高学历人群和行政事业单位职工的总知晓率较低学历和其他职业者高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=32.002、24.959,Ρ<0.05)。结论:我区乡村地区结核病防治知识总知晓率整体偏低,要大力开展形式多样的宣传活动,提高群众对结核病的认知和关注度,以达到遏制结核病的目的。

Objective:To understand the knowledge rate of TB prevention and treatment in rural areas of Huairou District,Bei⁃jing,so that different forms of health education on TB can be carried out in a targeted manner.Methods:In conjunction with the contracting of homeopaths in 2020,a questionnaire survey on core knowledge of tuberculosis was conducted for people over 15 years of age in the district,and the results were analyzed.Results:Among the 815 valid questionnaires,the overall knowledge rate of 5 core knowledge of TB control was 60.79%,and the knowledge rate of each core knowledge(transmission route,symptoms,place of consultation,national preferential policy,and treatment effect)was 65.15%,92.76%,50.67%,51.29%,and 44.05%,re⁃spectively.The awareness rate of men was 62.48%,slightly higher than 59.53%of women,and the highest overall awareness rate was among people aged 31-50 years(67.85%),followed by people aged 15-30 years(59.13%),and the lowest was among people aged 51 years or older(58.79%),with statistically significant differences(χ2=517.66,10.514,Ρ<0.05).In terms of education level and occupation,the overall knowledge rate of the highly educated and administrative workers was higher than those with lower edu⁃cation and other occupations,with statistically significant differences(χ2=32.002,24.959,Ρ<0.05).Conclusion:The overall knowledge of TB prevention and control in rural areas of Huairou District is low,and it is necessary to vigorously carry out various forms of publicity activities to raise the public’s awareness and concern about TB in order to achieve the goal of curbing TB.