基于风险控制的预警干预在白血病化疗患者护理中的应用观察

Observations on the Application of Risk-based Control Early Warning Intervention in the Care of Leukemia Chemo⁃therapy Patients

目的:探究应用基于风险控制的预警干预对白血病化疗患者的影响。方法:选取2019年7月—2020年6月驻马店市中心医院予以饮食指导、健康宣讲等干预的55例白血病化疗患者作为研究对象,纳入对照组;选取2020年7月—2021年6月驻马店市中心医院予以基于风险控制的预警干预的55例白血病化疗患者作为研究对象,纳入观察组。记录干预前及干预2个月后,两组患者心理状况[汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA量表)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD量表)]、疲乏程度[癌症疲乏量表(CFS量表)]、生活质量[癌症患者生存质量通用量表(FACT-G量表)],比较干预2个月内,两组患者并发症(胃肠道反应、炎症、感染、恶心呕吐)发生情况。结果:干预2个月后较干预前,两组患者心理状况(HAMA量表、HAMD量表)、疲乏程度(CFS量表)、部分FACT-G量表指标(生理情况)评分均有降低,差异有统计学意义(t=47.371、50.418、19.553、29.188、30.155、28.258,P<0.05;t=36.202、30.704、10.033、9.257、17.875、20.513、P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=10.266、11.599、10.033、9.257、17.875、6.088,P<0.05)。干预2个月后较干预前,两组患者部分FACT-G量表指标(社会家庭状况、功能情况、感情情况)评分均有上升,差异有统计学意义(t=-29.954、-46.016、-67.063,P<0.05;t=-15.128、-26.215、-25.015,P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=11.303、12.541、31.945,P<0.05)。干预2个月内,观察组患者并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.407,P<0.05)。结论:基于风险控制的预警干预可降低白血病化疗患者并发症,改善心理状况,提高生活质量以及缓解疲乏。

Objective:To explore the effects of early warning intervention based on risk control on patients with leukemia un⁃dergoing chemotherapy.Methods:55 patients who were given dietary guidance and health promotion interventions in the hospital from July 2019 to June 2020 were selected as study subjects and included in the control group.55 patients with leukemia chemo⁃therapy who were given a risk control-based early warning intervention in the hospital from July 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the study population and included in the observation group.The psychological status(Hamilton Anxiety Inventory[HAMA scale],Hamilton Depression Inventory[HAMD scale]),fatigue level(Cancer Fatigue Scale[CFS scale]),and quality of life(Generalized Assessment of Quality of Survival in Cancer Patients[FACT-G scale])were recorded before and after 2 months of in⁃tervention,and the occurrence of complications(gastrointestinal reactions,inflammation,infection,nausea and vomiting)was compared between the two groups during 2 months of intervention.Results:After 2 months of intervention,the scores of psycho⁃logical status(HAMA scale,HAMD scale),fatigue(CFS scale),and some FACT-G scale indicators(physiological condition)de⁃creased in both groups compared with the pre-intervention period,with statistically significant differences(t=47.371,50.418,19.553,29.188,30.155,28.258,P<0.05;t=36.202,30.704,10.033,9.257,17.875,20.513,P<0.05).And the observa⁃tion group was lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=10.266,11.599,10.033,9.257,17.875,6.088,P<0.05).After 2 months of intervention,compared with before the intervention,the scores of some FACT-G scale indicators(social and family status,functional status,and emotional status)increased in both groups,with statistically sig⁃nificant differences(t=-29.954,-46.016,-67.063,P<0.05;t=-15.128,-26.215,-25.015,P<0.05).And the observation group was higher than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=11.303,12.541,31.945,P<0.05).Within 2 months of the intervention,the incidence of complications was lower in the observation group than in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=4.407,P<0.05).Conclusion:Risk control-based early warning interventions can help leukemia chemotherapy patients reduce complications,improve psychological status,enhance quality of life and relieve fatigue,and have clinical promotion value.