知识生产模式转型背景下未来农业学科发展重点领域探讨

Discussion on the Key Areas of Future Agricultural Discipline in the Background of Transforming the Knowledge Production Mode

当今高等教育的知识生产模式正在经历着由追求学术卓越到注重解决实际问题、再到突出“大学—政府—企业—社会”协同创新的重大转型,单一学科的知识生产模式难以适应未来综合性发展的需求。面向未来的重大基础科学理论创新和核心关键技术的原始创新,不能只依靠单一学科的知识,知识生产视角下不同学科的融合与综合应用将进一步深化,必将演化出更多新兴、前沿、交叉领域。本文以农业领域为例,聚焦未来农业多功能发展趋势与农业农村现代化发展重大需求,基于知识生产的视角,采取文献调研、专家访谈、问卷调查等方法,研究提出了适应未来农业科学知识转型升级需求的学科发展重点领域,包括:生物技术与生物农业、航空育种与太空农业、生态安全与低碳农业、人工智能与无人农业、乡村形态与康养农业、人类营养与健康农业、生物质能源化与材料化农业和文化传承与创新农业等。

The knowledge production mode in higher education is experiencing a transformation from pursuing academic excellence to focusing on solutions for practical problems and then to highlighting “university-government-industry-society” collaborative innovation. The knowledge production mode relying on a single discipline is no longer able to meet the needs of future comprehensive development. Future-oriented theoretical innovations in basic science and original innovations in key technologies are not able to simply rely on the knowledge of a single discipline. The disciplinary integration and comprehensive application from the perspective of knowledge production will further deepen, and will inevitably generate more newly-developed, cutting-edge and crossing fields. This article takes the agricultural field as an example, and focuses on the multifunctional development of the future agriculture and important needs of modernizing agriculture and rural areas, from the perspective of knowledge production. Using methods like literature review, interviews and questionnaire survey, it puts forward the key areas of the discipline development in Agriculture that can accommodate the transformation and upgrade of the agricultural scientific knowledge in future, including biotechnology and bio-agriculture, aviation breeding and space agriculture, ecological safety and low-carbon agriculture, artificial intelligence and unmanned agriculture, rural morphology and wellness agriculture, human nutrition and health agriculture, biomass energy and material agriculture, cultural transmission and innovative agriculture, and so on.