人星状病毒研究进展

Research Progress on Human Astroviruses

人星状病毒(Human astrovirus, HAstV)属于星状病毒科,包含多种基因型,是引起急性胃肠炎散发病例的重要病原之一,偶尔也可在人员密集场所引起疫情的暴发。除消化系统以外,HAstV还可以在其他系统中被检出,其中中枢神经系统相关的研究最为广泛。目前HAstV的检测方法较前有所完善,已有多种分子检测技术和细胞模型被用于HAstV的研究和检测。本文就HAstV的病原学特征、常用检测方法、所致疾病、流行病学特征以及防控措施进行综述。

Human astroviruses(HAstVs)are members of the Astroviridae family and include various genetic subtypes.HAstVs are important pathogens that cause sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis and can occasionally cause outbreaks in crowded places.In addition to the digestive system,HAstVs have also been detected in other systems,with the central nervous system being the most extensively studied.Detection methods for HAstVs have improved.Several methods based on molecular detection and cell models have been employed for the research and detection of HAstVs.Here,we review the etiological characteristics,detection methods,clinical features,epidemiological characteristics,as well as prevention and control strategy of HAstVs.In this way,we hope to provide a basis for prevention-and-control measures related to HAstV infection.