飞机翼面结冰试验积冰厚度探测技术研究进展

Advances in reserach on ice accumulation thickness detection technology in aerofoil icing test

结冰导致的飞机翼面升阻特性恶化直接威胁飞行安全,一直以来都是航空领域关注的热点问题,为了复现翼面结冰过程和剖析翼面结冰、防除冰机理,开展翼面结冰试验十分必要。为了定量刻画飞机结冰试验中的翼面积冰厚度和形态,国内外研究人员开展了大量卓有成效的测试方法研究。本研究通过系统梳理近年来提出的翼面积冰厚度和冰形测量方法以及结冰传感装置,按照物理原理将其划分为直观法、谐振法、光学法、电学法、热学法、波导法、混合法等测量方法,简要介绍了各方法的设计原理、优缺点和适用范围,期望能够为飞机翼面结冰试验、防除冰系统设计等技术发展提供有益参考。

The deterioration of lift-drag ratio of aerofoil surface caused by icing is a direct threat to flight safety and has always been a hot issue in the aviation field.In order to reproduce the icing process of the aerofoil surface and analyze the mechanism of aerofoil surface icing/anti-icing,it is necessary to carry out aerofoil surface icing test.In order to quantitatively characterize the thickness and shape of ice in aircraft icing tests,domestic and foreign researchers have carried out a large number of effective test methods.This paper systematically summarizes the measurement methods of aerofoil area ice thickness and ice shape and icing sensing devices proposed in recent years,and divides them into visual method,resonance method,optical method,electrical method,thermal method,waveguide method,hybrid method,and other measurement methods according to the physical principle.The working principle,advantages and disadvantages,and application scope of each method are briefly introduced.It is expected to provide useful reference for the technical development of aerofoil surface icing test and anti-icing system design.