河南省土地利用功能分类评价与时空格局多尺度分析

Classification evaluation and multi-scale spatio-temporal analysis of land use functions in Henan Province

根据社会经济和土地利用等多源数据,运用GIS与指标模型等方法,对2000和2020年河南省土地利用功能进行分类评价与时空格局多尺度分析。结果表明:①河南省农业生产功能自东向西大致呈阶梯状分布,东部平原较高,西部山区较低,平原与山区中间的过渡区居中;生态功能也近似阶梯状分布,但自东部平原向西部山区的变化是逐级升高;非农业生产功能与生活功能是以郑州和洛阳市区为核心呈“中心高、四周低”的分布格局;②2000—2020年河南省农业生产、非农业生产和生活功能明显增强,生态功能有所减弱,但在主体功能区和县级单元尺度上各土地利用功能的变化存在空间差异;③河南省非农业生产和生活功能相对协同,但它们快速发展对生态功能和农业生产具有明显的抑制效应,此外,农业生产功能和生态功能之间也存在此消彼长的抑制效应。近20年来河南省土地利用功能之间的冲突日益凸显,国土空间规划应当强化生态优先的发展理念,积极调整生产和生活方面的土地利用方式,促进土地利用系统各项功能协调发展。

According to the multi-source data of social economy and land use,the land use function of Henan Province in 2000 and 2020 was classified and evaluated and the spatio-temporal pattern was analyzed at multiple scale analysis using GIS and indicator models.The results showed that:①The agricultural production function(APF)of Henan province was roughly distributed in a ladder shape from east to west.APF was higher in the eastern plain,and was lower in the western mountainous area,and was medium in the transition area between plain and mountainous area.The spatial distribution of ecological function was also similar to a ladder,but it increased step by step from the eastern plain to the western mountain area.The distribution pattern of both non-agricultural production function and living function was high in the center and low in the periphery with Zhengzhou and Luoyang as the core.②From 2000 to 2020,agricultural production,non-agricultural production and living function in Henan Province were significantly enhanced,while ecological functions were somewhat weakened.However,there were spatial differences in the changes of land use functions at the scale of both major functional area and county unit.③The non-agricultural production and living function in Henan Province were increasingly coordinated,but their rapid development had serious inhibitory effects on ecological function and agricultural production.In addition,trade-offs between agricultural production function and ecological function was found as well.The contradiction and conflict among land use functions in Henan Province was intensified during the past 20 years.The territorial spatial planning should strengthen the concept of ecological priority,and actively adjust the land use mode in production and life to promote the coordinated development of all land use functions.