SpaceX公司超重﹣星舰组合体首飞异常情况初步分析

Initial Analysis of Anomalies in the First Flight of SpaceX’s Super Heavy Booster and Starship

2023年4月,美国太空探索技术(SpaceX)公司研制的两级完全重复使用太空运输系统“超重-星舰”进行了首次飞行试验,飞行中多台发动机出现工作异常,速度、高度严重偏离飞行剖面,最终在一级飞行段爆炸解体。结合调研获得的各类特征参数,首先对超重-星舰的首飞剖面进行了预示和反演设计,然后梳理了实际飞行中的各类异常事件,并对火箭各系统的工作情况和典型过程进行了复现,最后对其故障原因进行了分析和研判。

SpaceX’s two-stage fully reusable space transportation system,the Starship spacecraft and Super Heavy rocket,lifts off on its first full-stack test flight in April 2023.During the flight,a number of engines appeared abnormal operation,and the speed and height seriously deviated from the flight profile,and finally exploded and disintegrated in the first-stage flight phase.In this paper,combined with various characteristic parameters obtained from the investigation,the prediction and inversion design of the maiden flight profile of the Starship system are firstly carried out,then various abnormal events in the actual flight are sorted out,and the working conditions and typical processes of each system are reproduced,and the failure causes are analyzed and judged.