浮鱼礁发展现状及其在南海海洋牧场中的应用展望

Development status of floating reef and its application prospect in marine ranching in the South China Sea

发展现代化热带海洋牧场是养护南海渔业资源、保护海洋生态环境等方面的重要手段,对中国南海渔业资源养护与科学利用具有深远意义。人工鱼礁是海洋牧场生境营造的重要手段之一,由于南海水深较深,常规鱼礁难以发挥作用,而浮鱼礁可以利用中上层的水体空间,是营造深水渔场的最佳设施。本研究综述了浮鱼礁的类型、功能和应用场景,对国内外的相关研究以及现状进行总结,并对浮鱼礁未来在南海海洋牧场信息化监测、休闲渔业、中上层鱼类资源养护和构建大洋性海洋牧场等方面进行了展望。

The development of modern tropical marine ranching is an important means to conserve fishery resources and protect the marine ecological environment in the South China Sea,which has far-reaching significance for the conservation and scientific utilization of fishery resources in the South China Sea.Artificial reefs are one of the important tools to create marine ranching habitats.However,due to the deep water in the South China Sea,conventional reefs are difficult to play a role,whereas floating reefs can make use of the water space in the middle and upper layers,and are the best facilities to create deep water fishing grounds.This study reviews the types,functions,and application scenarios of floating fish reefs,summarizes relevant research and current status both domestically and internationally,and looks forward to the future of floating fish reefs in the South China Sea,including their role in information-based monitoring of ocean ranching,recreational fishing,conservation of upper-middle level fishery resources,and the construction of offshore ocean ranching.