工厂化循环水养殖系统CO_(2)脱除工艺的研究进展

Research progress on CO_(2)removal in industrial recirculating aquaculture system

循环水养殖是未来水产养殖的主要发展方向之一,系统中CO_(2)的过度富集会影响生物滤器过滤效率和养殖对象生长发育,因此CO_(2)的高效脱除是整个循环水养殖系统中的关键技术之一。中国循环水养殖产业在30多年的发展过程中,各项CO_(2)脱除技术日渐成熟。文章围绕着目前国内外工厂化循环水养殖系统的应用现状,介绍了循环水系统中CO_(2)的来源、危害以及脱除的基本原理,综述了气体交换法、化学法和生态法3种CO_(2)脱除工艺的特点以及国内外研究进展,比较了各类脱除技术的优点,针对CO_(2)脱除主要存在的方法单一、主要设施占据空间大、成本高等问题,提出了多种脱除工艺并用、运行设备系统集约化、优化脱除过程及装备智能化等未来发展对策。本研究旨在为未来工厂化循环水养殖CO_(2)高效脱除技术工艺的优化与专用装备的研制提供参考。

Recirculating aquaculture is one of the main development directions of aquaculture in the future.The excessive enrichment of CO_(2)in the system will affect the filtration efficiency of biofilter and the growth and development of aquaculture objects.Therefore,the efficient removal of CO_(2)is the key technology in the whole circulating aquaculture system.In the development process of China’s circulating aquaculture industry for more than 30 years,various CO_(2)removal technologies have become increasingly mature.This paper focuses on the application status of industrial recirculating aquaculture system at home and abroad,introduces the source,harm and basic principle of CO_(2)removal in recirculating aquaculture system,summarizes the characteristics and research progress of three CO_(2)removal processes of gas exchange method,chemical method and ecological method,summarizes and compares the advantages of various removal technologies.In view of the problems of single method,large space occupied by main facilities and high cost of CO_(2)removal,this paper puts forward some future development countermeasures,such as the combination of various removal processes,intensive operation of equipment system,optimization of removal process and intelligent equipment.The purpose of this study is to provide reference for the optimization of CO_(2)efficient removal technology and the development of special equipment for industrial recirculating aquaculture in the future.